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product or process team
). 
There are two basic approaches to the organisation of teamwork: multi-skilled teams and multi-
disciplinary teams. 
3.3.1 Multi-disciplinary teams 
Multi-disciplinary teams bring together individuals with different skills and specialisms, so that their 
skills, experience and knowledge can be pooled or exchanged.
Multi-disciplinary teams can: 
(a) 
Increase workers' awareness of their overall objectives and targets 
(b) 
Aid co-ordination between different areas of the business 
(c) 
Help to generate solutions to problems and suggestions for improvements, since a multi-
disciplinary team has access to more pieces of the jigsaw 
3.3.2 Multi-skilled teams 
A multi-skilled team brings together a number of individuals who can perform any of the group's tasks. 
These tasks can then be shared out in a more flexible way between group members according to who is 
available and best placed to do a given job at the time it is required. Multi-skilling is the cornerstone of 
team empowerment, since it cuts across the barriers of job descriptions and demarcations to enable 
teams to respond flexibly to changing demands. 
3.3.3 Virtual teams 
Virtual teams bring together individuals working in remote locations, reproducing the social, 
collaborative and information-sharing aspects of teamworking using Information and Communications 
Technology (ICT). 
 
4
Team member roles
4.1 Who should belong in the team? 
Team members should be selected for their potential to contribute to getting things done (
task 
performance
) and establishing good working relationships (
group maintenance
). This may include: 
(a) 
Specialist skills
. A team might exist to combine expertise from different departments. 
(b)