Bosh miyaning tuzilishi

the thorax) subserve respiration (muscles of respiration, including intercostal
muscles).
The Muscles of the Trunk
The muscles of the trunk include back, thoracic, and abdominal
muscles as well as diaphragm
The Back
_ Segmental muscles of the back: m. erector spinae
_ Muscles encroaching on the back: mm. trapezius, rhomboideus
major and minor, together with levator scapulae (shoulder girdle
muscle) and latissimus dorsi (muscle of the upper extremity)
The Thoracic Wall
_ Intercostal muscles (external, internal, intimi)—inspiration, expiration;
scalenus muscles—inspiration
_ Muscles encroaching on the trunk: m. serratus anterior—abduction
of the arm, auxiliary muscle of respiration; m. pectoralis
major—adduction, internal rotation of the upper arm, auxiliary
muscle of respiration; sternocleidomastoid muscle, also auxiliary
muscle of respiration.
The Abdominal Wall
Muscles: m. rectus abdominis, external and internal oblique muscles,
mm. transversus abdominis, psoas major, and quadratus lumborum—
rotation, flexion, lateral inclination of the trunk, compression of the
abdomen.
The Diaphragm
The most important muscle of respiration (contraction—inspiration,
relaxation—expiration).
The Pelvic Floor
Levator ani muscle—forms the pelvic diaphragm; m. transversus perinei
profundus—forms the urogenital diaphragm; medial part of the
levator ani (puborectalis), m. sphincter ani externus—voluntary constriction
of the anus; m. sphincter urethrae—voluntary constriction of
the urethra.
4 The Locomotor System (Musculoskeletal System)

Vegetativ nerv sistemasining organizm ichki muhiti doimiyligini saqlashda ishtiroki ayniqsa muhim ahamiyatga ega. a Chunonchi, masalan, havo haroratining ko’tarilishi, ter ajralishining kuchayishi, shuningdek periferik qon tomirlar sistemasining kengayishi hisobiga issiqlik ajratish bilan o’tadi. Bularning hammasi tana xaroratini doimiy darajada tutib turish imkonini beradi va organizmning issiqlab ketishiga to’siqlik qiladi. Ko’p qon yo’qotish xollarida yurak ritmining tezlashuvi kuzatiladi, tomirlar torayadi va umumiy qon aylanishi doirasiga to’qimalar va organlardan normal qon aylanishni ta`minlaydigan taloqdagi depolangan qon otilib chiqadi.