Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia


Industrial Adsorbents-Desiccants and Their Characteristics



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Efficient Adsorbent-Desiccant Based on Aluminium O

4. Industrial Adsorbents-Desiccants and Their Characteristics 
The most famous manufacturers of aluminium oxide desiccants are companies such 
as Axens, Alcoa, Alumac, Albemarle and BASF. The main method of obtaining active 
aluminium oxide is currently the “flash process.” The simplified technology for obtaining 
active aluminium oxide is as follows. The raw material–bauxite ore—is transformed into 
the solution by means of sodium carbonate (Baeyer process). Solid impurities are re-
moved, and alumina is isolated by crystallisation of trihydroxide (Baeyer hydrate), which 
is actually gibbsite. Then, the gibbsite is calcined for a very short time (from 1 s to 10 s) in 
an air flow (gas flow velocity: from 8 m/s to 25 m/s) at a gas temperature from 400 °C to 
1000 °C, followed by the separation of the reacted powder from the gas flow and cooling 
(quenching) to a temperature less than 60 °C. The result is active aluminium oxide, which 
has a high specific surface area, high specific pore volume and high adsorption capacity, 
determining its widespread use in the petrochemical industry. 


Appl. Sci.
2021
,
 11
, 2457 
12 of 23 
In the Russian industry, active aluminium oxide is produced using a similar “flash 
process” by means of the TCA method [54]. The initial material—gibbsite—is activated 
by the air, which is heated by the heat generator, in the pneumatic transport mode for 5–
8 s. The latter is heated at the expense of thermal energy, generated by burning diesel 
fuel. The air temperature in the reaction zone can reach ~550 °C. Depending on the TCA 
conditions, active aluminium oxide can be obtained with different sets of physicochem-
ical properties. 
Table 2 shows the characteristics of some industrial adsorbents based on aluminium 
oxide. 

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