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To better understand the output of the 
ntpq -p
 command, I'll go through each 
column. First, the 
remote
 column details the NTP servers we're connected to. The 
refid
 column refers to the NTP servers that the remote servers are connected to. 
The 
st
 column refers to a server's stratum, which refers to how close the server 
is from us (the lower the number, the closer, and typically, better). The 
t
 column 
refers to the type of connection, which it shows as a single letter, such as 
u
, 
b
, or 
A
, 
which correspond to 
unicast
, 
broadcast
, or 
manycast
 respectively. You can view 
more information about the various types of connections by perusing the man 
page for 
ntpq
:
man ntpq
Continuing, the 
when
 column refers to how long it has been since the last time the 
server was polled. The 
poll
 column indicates how often the server will be polled, 
which is 64 seconds for most of the entries in the example screenshot. The 
reach
 
column contains the results of the most recent eight NTP updates. If all eight are 
successful, this field will read 
377
. When you first start
 the 
ntp
 daemon on your 
server, it may take some time for this number to reach 
377
. If you're not able to get 
a value of 
377
 for this field, one possibility is that your server is not able to reach 
external NTP servers for synchronization.
Finally, we have the 
delay
, 
offset
, and 
jitter
 columns. The 
offset
 column refers 
to the delay in reaching the server, in milliseconds. 
offset
 references the difference 
between the local clock and the server's clock. Finally, the 
jitter
 column refers to 
the network latency between your server and theirs.
Assuming that the results of the 
ntpq -p
 command look good and your server is 
synchronizing properly, you already essentially have an NTP server at your disposal, 
since there is little difference between a client and a server. As long as your server 
is synchronizing properly and port 
123
 is open between them through the firewall, 
you should be able to reconfigure your nodes to connect to your server, by changing 
the pool addresses in your client's configuration (within 
/etc/ntp.conf
) to point to 
either the IP address or the