Biology 3601 Fall 2013

BIO 3620 - Biochemistry Spring 2019

Protein Interactions

& Protein Function

Protein Structure and Function

Alpha crystallin

Pyruvate Kinase

Moonlighting Proteins

proteins with more than one biological function

Function is location-specific

(in the eye vs. outside)

Function is different if in tetramer or monomer form

Cofactors

carry out essential chemistry that is not possible with the 20 amino acids or their polymers

inorganic

organic

Periodic Table of Biology

About 22 elements are required.

Trace means small, not unimportant!!!

150 mg/ day Iodine

Inorganic Cofactors

None of these cofactors are manufactured within the cell (obviously) so they must be transported into the cell from the environment (nutrition).

These can either be synthesized endogenously or consumed as part of the diet. However, even dietary cofactors require processing to the active (usable) form.