Белорусский государственный



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eumk teoreticheskaya fonetika 2014


 
Dark sound
– the sound which is made harder due to additional articulatory work – the 
raising of the back part of the tongue to the soft palate (back secondary focus), [w] and [ł] “dark” 
are pronounced with the back secondary focus. 
Declamatory style
– a style of speech used in stage speech, recitations, etc. 
Delimitation
– segmentation of speech into phrases and intonation groups. 
Dental
– the place of articulation of consonants where the tongue makes contact with the 
upper or lower front teeth; sounds produced with the blade of the tongue against the upper teeth. 
Descending head (scale)
– a type of head (scale) in which syllables form a descending 
sequence; gradual lowering of the voice pitch. 
Descriptive Phonetics
– a branch of phonetics that studies the phonetic structure of one 
language only in its static form, synchronically. 
Devoicing
– a process that results in a voiced consonant being pronounced as voiceless. 
Diaphonic variation of phonemes
– variation which affects the quality and quantity of 
particular phonemes. It is caused by concrete historical tendencies active in certain localities. 
Dialect
– a variety of language which differs from others in vocabulary, grammar and 
pronunciation: cf. 
accent

Diglossia
– a state of linguistic duality in which the standard literary form of a language and 
one of its regional dialects are used by the same individual in different social situations. 
Dynamic stress
– force accent based mainly on the expiratory effort. 
Diphthong
– a vowel which consists of two elements, strong (a nucleus) and weak – (a 
glide); a vowel in which there is a change in quality during a single syllable, as in English /aɪ/ in 
high
. English diphthongs can be normal – this term is used because they are similar to the 
diphthongs normally occurring in other languages: /eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, əʊ/ and centring: /ɪə, ɛə, ɔə, ʊə/ – 
they are called so because their glide /ə/ is considered to be a central vowel. 

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