Audit and economical analysis

Secretary of the Council:

“___”______________2020 year. I.H.Choriev.

Content

№		Themes	Pages
I.	Module 1. Theoretical bases of the financial analysis and managerial analysis
1.	Theoretical basis of the “Financial analysis” subject		4 - 58
2.	Organization and information sources of the Financial analysis		59 -100
3.	Analysis of enterprise operation activity		101- 137
4.	Analysis of production cost and period expences		138 -163
II.	Module 2. Financial statement analysis
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.	Balance sheet analysis Financial stability analysis Credit worthiness analysis Receivables and payables analysis Analysis of financial results and profitability Cash flow analysis Own capital components and its analysis Access and analysis of economical bunkruptcy of enterprices Reyting accessement of financial position of enterprices and its analysis Forecasting of financial elements		164 -200 201 -224 225 -266 267 -285 286 -329 330 -357 358 -372 373 -401 402 -410 411 -420
III.	Independent training Exercises		421 -422
IV.	Glossary		423 -444
V.	Applications:
	-	the working study program;
	-	the educational-methodological(technological) pattern;
	-	handouts;
	-	tests;
		case studies;
		portfolio;
	- electronic version of educational-methodological complex.

 
Module 1. Theoretical bases of the financial analysis and managerial analysis

Theme 1. Theoretical basis of the financial analysis subject
1. Role and importance of economical analysis in modern management.

2. Subject, object, purpose, functions and principles of the financial analysis discipline.

3. Method of the financial analysis and its specific features.

4. Financial Analysis: internal and external financial analysis.

5. Methods of the financial analysis: traditional (comparition, balance, chain substitution, index, difference, relative) and economic mathematics (integral, linear and nonlinear programming, theoretical game, correlation and regression, determinant, logarithm). 

6. Special methods of the financial analysis: financial reporting reading, horizontal, vertical, trend, comparative, factor, coefficient analysis. 

7. The role and place of financial analysis among other subjects. 

8. Subjects of the financial analysis (investors, creditors, suppliers, customers, employees, as well government institutions, ministries, offices, public and stakeholders) and their interests.
Key words and phrases:theory of knowledge, analysis, synthesis, the economical analysis, subject of financial analysis, object of financial analysis,social-economic processes of entity, social-economic effectiveness, financial position, internal factor, external factor, system of indicators, goals of financial analysis, objectives of financial analysis, principles of financial analysis, the role of “financial analysis” in the composition of economical subjects.
1. Role and importance of economical analysis in modern management
Globalization of the economy, integration processes, innovation intensity, and a strong competitive environment requires the improvement of the system of computational science in accordance with the principles of modern business. The market model, which is considered as a pillar of interest, first of all takes into account the algorithm of clear calculations, their valuation and deep analytical solutions ¹.

The XXI century is a century of new development of the world economy. This world means humanity, the transformation of socio-economic and spiritual life, transformation of economic models, international relations, globalization and new geo-economic construction. Today's economy is not the only economy that is looking for a fault, looking for solutions to problems, easily eradicating anyone's head, and possessing all kinds of possessions, without knowledge, knowledge, change and development must admit. The modern economy, on the basis of deep analytical solutions, has always been a complex system that is constantly updating itself, regulating and risking it. What is the role, role and importance of the analysis in the economy, its macro and micro-scale governance?

 Macro scale analysis is not a science. This does not mean that macro scales can not be performed. Its key features are made within the framework of other subjects (economics, macroeconomics, marketing, statistics, etc.). At the micro level, the analysis puts on a number of challenging tasks, and by addressing them, the diagnostics of financial and economic activities of the undertakings, which is the lower link, is put in place. 

In order to establish and analyze the effectiveness of their business activities by analyzing and analyzing the activities of economic entities, the company uses its production, commercial and financial activities to derive financial resources and increase its financial status. levels, competitiveness, anticipation of financial results and determining ways to increase economic profitability based on real business opportunities, and defining measures for more efficient use of financial resources. 

Increasing the profitability of the enterprise, optimizing its capital structure and ensuring its financial stability, increasing the attractiveness of the property (for shareholders, founders), investors and lenders, forming an effective mechanism for managing business, as well asthe access to financial resources can only be achieved through the use of all opportunities of the market mechanism. 

In its turn, the new essence of freedom, effectiveness, development and progress in the activities of economic entities requires a whole system of governance.

At present, there are very wide opportunities for businesses. Not only the team of economic entities, owners, investors, and also all countries and the public system are also interested in governance change and development.

Modern management:² 

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  includes short and long term planning; 
  
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  providing financial and other information to owners and targeted users - accounting; 
  
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  economic analysis that defines rapid, current and future management strategies through deep processing of information, objective assessment of activities, identification of economic and financial opportunities; 
  
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  providing innovative and intelligent economics;
  
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  providing a clear solution and effectiveness of business management and targeted management. 
  

An important incentive for the coordination of relations, based on the effectiveness and effectiveness of the work, is a decent stimulation of labor;

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  and other (social, ecological, technical, organizational) aspects;
  
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  it is a complex system. 
  

The solution of the most important tasks faced by economic entities is achieved only through the establishment and improvement of modern management based on information flows and their analytical conclusions. 

Subjects and subjects of management, its essential units and classifications can be expressed as follows.

Under globalization conditions, the modern leader needs to know the criteria for effective decision-making, the systematic approach to solving the problem of his / her own business, critical analysis, and the promotion of production to a qualitatively new level.

The economic decisions that businesses adopt are an important issue in raising money, their exact reproduction time, and the ability to look for a way to achieve results. 

Analysis on this subject: 

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  to carry out systematic analysis of activities, taking into account internal and external impacts of economic entities;