Audio scale up student’s book Course 3 Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan State University of World Languages

U N IT 1 W O R L D ’S N E W V IS IO N
Academic Fields
Student: Excuse me, Professor. Have you got a 
minute?
Professor: Yes. What can I do for you?
St.: I’d like to get some information about academic 
fields.
Prof.: Generally speaking, academic fields are 
courses which are brought in, at least, by M aster’s 
Degrees of five largest universities in the world. 
Academic fields have several sub-disciplines or 
branches, like social sciences, exact sciences, natural 
sciences, humanities and professions or applied 
sciences. For example, chemistry, physics, earth and 
space sciences are regarded as the branches of natural 
sciences, which clarify the rules that regulate the 
natural world through scientific methods. They are 
evaluated by data. Formal sciences like mathematics, 
computer science, statistics and logics, study formal 
systems, which characterize abstract structures.
St.: Can you explain the difference between 
humanities and social sciences?
Prof.: Humanitarian sciences or humanities are 
the disciplines concerned with human culture, using 
methods that are mainly study theoretical and critical. 
They include Philosophy, 
History, Linguistics, 
Literature and Performing Arts, such as, Music 
and Theatre. Social sciences study society and the 
relationships among individuals within a society. 
Mainly they depend on practical approaches. Social 
sciences include economics, sociology, psychology, 
political sciences.
St.: Which academic fields can be included in 
applied sciences?
Prof.: Law, agriculture, engineering, medical 
sciences, environmental sciences, business, education, 
etc. can be included in applied sciences. Applied 
sciences focus on scientific knowledge related to 
practical use.
St.: Who made more contribution to these fields: 
men or women?
P.: Both of them tried to bring under scientific 
problems. In fact, science has been a field dominated
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by men, women encountered discrimination in 
science. During the XXth century, women were 
employed actively and the number of female scientists 
increased. In science, we bring back the fact that 
women made great achievements 50 - 40 years ago, 
for example: Umidova Z.I. (Medicine), Aminova 
R.Kh. (history), Rashidova S. Sh. (Chemistry), who 
afterwards became Professors and Academicians in 
their fields. Nowadays 7 women Academicians, and 
about 500 Doctors of Science are carrying out their 
activities who are considered to be the pride of our 
nation, they have brought off these results by their 
hard efforts. 13 of these active and edifying women 
were awarded the Order «Hero o f Uzbekistan.»
- Oh thank you professor!
- You are welcome!