Pomegranate bush is native to Azerbaijan, Iran and Dagestan, and is grown mainly in the Central
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
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Pomegranates in Uzbekistan include “White Pomegranate”, “Bitter Pomegranate”, “Red
Pomegranate”, “Red Poultry”, “Kava Donya”, “Sweet”, “Bedona”, “Blue Pomegranate”, “Ulfi”,
“Balamyursal”, “Vanderful ”,“ Glyuleysharozovaya”, “Kazakh pomegranate”, “Shartuzskiy”,
“Tuyatish”, “August” (R.O.Oripov, N.Kh.Khalilov. 2007).
The vegetative growth period of pomegranate is 180-225 days. The mass flowering period of
pomegranate lasts from June 15 to July 20. The branches begin to bear full fruit in 6–7 years
after planting.
The fruit of pomegranate is 6-12 cells, weighs 250-800 g, the fruit is very serdon 300-1500
pieces. The fruits are usually born at the ends of the branches, cracking if cut too late. An
average of 25-30 kg of pomegranate is harvested from one bush. It ripens in October, it is better
to cut.
The fruit contains 8-21% sugar; 0.5-5% acids; Contains 6 mg of vitamin C.
It is divided into 3 groups depending on the acidity of the juice.
1) Sweet if it contains up to 0.9% acid
2) Bitter-sweet if 0.9-1.8% acid,
3) If it is more than 1.8% acid, it is called bitter pomegranate.
Pomegranate is important for human health and has high healing properties. Decoction of fruits,
peel and roots are widely used in medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular,
angina, bronchial asthma, arteriosclerosis, epilepsy and other diseases. Pomegranate juice whets
the appetite.
Pomegranate peel is rich in tannins and dyes, so it is used in the manufacture of dyes and inks for
dyeing fabrics, yarn, fabrics. Light and dark red dyes are made from the flowers and leaves.
Citric acid is obtained from wild pomegranate. Pomegranate is also used in confectionery.
One of the main pests of pomegranate is the Comstock worm (
Pseudococcuscomstoci
Kuw) - a
common insect belonging to the family of coccidia of the genus Pseudococcus, the coccidia - the
subfamily Sossinea. It can be found in almost all fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, and some
herbaceous plants (even in cotton near mulberry rows). Pomegranates, apples, pears, peaches, as
well as mulberries from fruit trees are severely damaged. (Nabiev U.Y. 1991)
Males and females differ sharply in appearance. The female is flat-shaped, wingless, with little
movement; the male has 1 pair of wings, motile, reddish-brown in color, 1-1.5 mm long, with 10
joints.
The length of the female is 3-4 mm to 5-6 mm. The body is white waxy, covered with sawdust,
so it looks white. There are 17 pairs of tumors at the edges of the body. The last 2 of these come
to half of the body. The length of the egg is 0.3 mm, oval in shape, narrowed on one side. The
color is yellow-orange, covered with a thin white guard. The larvae come in 0.45 mm at the first
age, oval in shape; it quickly turns into white dust, has two tails, no growths next to it.
The Comstock worm cannot move and move far. It can be moved from place to place mainly
through various inactive ways: on seedlings and fruits, through water currents, agricultural
equipment, and clothing [KhojaevSh.T. 2014].