Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
https://www.tarj.in
688
AJMR
(mythological, fabulous: “Баба-ега” (Baba Yaga), “русалка”(mermaid), “лещий” (goblin))
among Russians, “pari”(beauty), “dev” (beast), “jin” (genie) - among Uzbeks ). Some names are
common all over the world and are known even to those who are not directly familiar with the
culture of a particular nation, but know these names as stereotypical representations in this
regard. For example, everyone knows that “щи”(cabbage soup),пельмени(dumplings) are
Russian words, usually Russian dishes, and shurpa (soup) and pilaf are dishes of Central Asian
peoples. But you can understand the meaning of these names (concepts) only by trying “cabbage
soup” or Uzbek “pilaf”. The most interesting for comparison, of course, are the corresponding
metaphorical meanings that reveal the originality of the national color. For example, the
Russians call these cases the word “журавль” (crane) not only a bird, but also "an adaptation at
the well", and “стрекоза” (a dragonfly) - both an insect, and, figuratively speaking, "a very
mobile girl." “Asal” -“honey" and "beautiful, cute, pleasant" (about a child) - in Uzbek. The most
important indicator of semantics is the lexical combination, which determines the inappropriate
meanings of the corresponding words. Ignorance of stable traditions of fixed meaningiya leads to
a typical lexical interference, namely: misinterpretation of the meanings of words in the native
language in speech in another language. Lexico-semantic compatibility in many ways also
includes specific code in the national language. Therefore, the Russians call
“пронизывающийветер” (the piercing wind), “зелёныйчай” (green tea), and the Uzbeks call it
“ko'k choy” ("blue tea"), “achchiq shamol” ("bitter wind").
In conclusion, it must be said that the interconnected teaching of language and culture is
provided by authentic texts that acquaint with the studied culture and with the traditions and
etiquette of communication adopted in the studied culture, acquaint with a picture of a foreign
cultural reality, show how the phenomena of a foreign language in speech function against the
background of a social context, contribute to the analysis of the similarities and differences
between the two cultures. The success of communication, on the one hand, depends on the ability
to realize the speech intention, which allows you to establish contact and mutual understanding
with people of a different culture, inform and convince them, express an emotional attitude; on
the other hand, on the degree of proficiency in structural and systemic formations at different
levels of the language, as well as on the mastery of a set of etiquette and speech-forming
formulas of the target language, necessary for the implementation of various communicative
intentions.
To find out what cultural and social values are characteristic of different communities, it is
necessary to understand what these communities valued, respected, honored, what they admired
and for what they performed feats. As a rule, the answer to this question is contained in the
multifaceted cultural heritage that humanity has left us.
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