Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
https://www.tarj.in
85
AJMR
Yoga for Buddhists
Sakyamuni Buddha sitting in meditation with the dhyna mudr (meditation mudra),Sri Lanka, Gal
Vihara.
Buddhist meditation and Dhyna in Buddhism are the primary articles.
Buddhist yoga includes a wide range of techniques aimed at cultivating the 37 aids to
enlightenment. The ultimate aim of Buddhist yoga is bodhi (awakening) or nirvana (cessation),
which is generally understood to be the permanent cessation of pain (dukkha) and reincarnation.
Apart from yoga, Buddhist scriptures employ a variety of names for spiritual practise, including
bhvan ("development") and jhna/dhyna.
Various yogic techniques were taught in early Buddhism, including:
• The dhynas (four meditations or mental absorptions),
• The satipatthanas (four satipatthanas) (foundations or establishments of mindfulness),
• Apanasati anapanasati anapanasati anapan (mindfulness of breath),
• The four immaterial habitations (supranormal states of mind),
• Brahmavihrs (divine abodes).
• Auxiliary (contemplations, recollections)
These meditations were seen as being bolstered by the eightfold path's other components, such as
ethical practise, proper effort, sense restriction, and right vision. In Buddhism, two mental
characteristics are considered essential for yogic practise: samatha (calm, steadiness) and
vipassan (insight, clear seeing). Samatha is the state of mind that is steady, peaceful, and
tranquil. Additionally, it is linked with samadhi (mental unity, concentration) and dhyana
(meditation) (a state of meditative absorption). Meanwhile, vipassan refers to a kind of insight or
penetrating knowledge of the actual essence of things. Additionally, it is described as "viewing
things exactly as they are" (yathbhta daranam). While the real nature of things is defined and
described in a variety of ways, a significant and distinctive characteristic of classical Buddhism
is its view of all phenomena (dhammas) as devoid of a self (atman) or intrinsic essence, a theory
referred to as Anatta ("not-self") and nyat (emptiness). This is in stark contrast to the majority
of other Indian traditions, which are either based on the concept of an individual Self (atman,
jiva, or purusha) or on the concept of a global monistic awareness ( Brahman). Vipassana also
requires a knowledge of dukkha (and therefore the four noble truths), impermanence (anicca),
and interdependent origination.
In the course of time, many Buddhist traditions developed, leading to new and improved yogic
practises. The Theravada school, although orthodox, developed new concepts on meditation and
phenomenology in its later writings, with the Visuddhimagga being one of the most important.
Mahayana Buddhism's Indic meditation teachings may be found in classic books like the
Yogcrabhmi-stra (compiled c. 4th century). Meditation techniques used in Mahayana Buddhism,
such as mantra and dharani usage, pure land practises, which sought to rebirth in the land of
Buddha or Buddhafield, and visualisation procedures, have all evolved and incorporated new
yogic approaches as well. With the rise of Chinese Buddhism came the development of unique
practises like the introspective Koan practise of Chan and the Hua Tou system. As with
Mantrayana and Vajrayana Buddhism, Tantric Buddhism created and embraced tantric
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |