are having (= getting)
a new house
built
– biz yangi uy qurdiryapmiz
b) “Have” va “get” fe’llari tasodifan va kutilmaganda bajariladigan ish-
harakatlarga nisbatan qo’llanadi.
Bu holatda, ish-harakatni bajarishga undalmaydi:
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Jack
had (= got)
his nose
broken
in the fight – Jek mushtlashishda burnini sindirib
oldi
Sarah
had (= got)
her passport
taken
by the police – Sara politsiyaga pasportini
oldirib qo’ydi
c)
Sifatlar o’zidan keyin fe’llarning infinitive shaklini talab qiladi:
Subject + Verb + Adjective + to do
To be glad to –
mamnun bo’lmoq
To be happy to –
baxtli bo’lmoq
To be pleased to –
xursand bo’lmoq
To be delighted to –
rohatlanmoq, huzurlanmoq
To be content to –
rozi bo’lmoq, qanoatlanmoq
To be relieved to –
yordam bermoq, yengillashtirmoq
To be lucky to –
omadli bo’lmoq
To be fortunate to –
baxtli bo’lmoq
To be sorry to –
achinmoq
To be sad to –
xafa bo’lmoq
To be upset to –
xafa bo’lmoq
To be dissappointed to –
ko’ngli qolmoq, hafsalasi pir bo’lmoq
To be praid to –
g’ururlanmoq, faxrlanmoq
To be ashamed to –
uyalmoq
To be ready to –
tayyor bo’lmoq
To be prepared to –
tayyorgarlik ko’rmoq
To be anxious to –
xavotir olmoq, tashvishlanmoq
To be eager to –
sabrsiz bo’lmoq
To be motivated to –
undamoq, majbur qilmoq
To be determined to –
qat’iyatli bo’lmoq, jasur bo’lmoq
To be careful to –
ehtiyotkor bo’lmoq, sinchikov bo’lmoq
To be hesitant to –
qat’iyatsiz bo’lmoq, jur’atsiz bo’lmoq
To be reluctant to –
xohlamaslik
To be afraid to –
qo’rqmoq, cho’chimoq
To be likely to –
munosib bo’lmoq, mos bo’lmoq
To be certain to –
aniq bo’lmoq
To be surprised to –
hayron qolmoq
To be amazed to –
hayratlanmoq
To be astonished to –
ajablanmoq, hayratlanmoq
To be shocked to –
To be stunned to –
hayratlanmoq, ajablanmoq
For examples:
I
am sad to have heard
the bad news – yomon habarlarni eshitish
meni ranjitadi
I
am glad to see
you – sizni ko’rganimdan mamnunman
d) Narsa-predmetlarning belgi-hususiyatlarini bildirgan sifatlardan so’ng
fe’llarning infinitive shakli qo’llanadi:
Difficult –
qiyin
Easy –
oson
Hard –
og’ir
Impossible –
imkonsiz
Dangerous
– xavf-hatar
Safe -
xavfsiz, ishonchli
Expensive –
qimmat
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Cheap –
arzon
For example:
it is easy to translate this text – bu matnni tarjima qilish oson
e) Kishilarning harakterini, jihatini bildiruvchi sifatlardan so’ng fe’llarning
infinitive shakli qo’llanadi:
It is + Adjective + of smb + to do
Nice –
ajoyib, yaxshi
Cleaver –
aqlli
Sensible –
aqlli, mulohazali
Kind –
mehribon
Unfair –
nohaq, vijdonsiz, noinsof
Cruel –
shavqatsiz
Mean –
pastkash; ziqna, bahil
Silly –
axmoq
Stupid –
axmoq, tentak
Careless –
ehtiyotsiz
Rude –
qo’pol
Considerable –
mulohazali, aqlli
For eaxmple:
It is nice of you to help us – bizga yordam berganing bu sening yaxshi
jihating
Infinitivening maqsadni ifodalashi
Infinitive maqsadni ifodalashi uchun
“in order to” (-moq uchun)
bilan birikib
keladi:
Subject + Verb + place or thing + in order + to do
smth
I went to the library
in order to
get a book – men kutubxonaga kitob olish uchun
bordim
Shu holatda,
“in order” tushib qolishi ham mumkin, ammo ma’no o’zgarmaydi:
I went to the library
to get
a book – men kutubxonaga kitob olish uchun bordim
NOTE:
Quyidagi iboralardan so’ng infinitive har doim “to” siz qo’llanadi:
Would sooner – ehtimoli bor
Had better – yaxshiroq
Would rather – afzal ko’rish
Why do? – E’tirozni va taajjubni bildiradi
For examples:
He would sooner come tomorrow – uning ertaga kelish ehtimoli bor
You had better close the window – derazani yopganingiz yaxshiroq
I would rather watch TV – men televizor ko’rishni afzal ko’raman
Why stay at home? – Nega uyda qolar ekanman?
GERUND
Gerundi – fe’llarning shaxssiz shakllaridan biri bo’lib, o’zbek tilidagi
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