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I
translated
this text
yesterday
– kecha men bu tekstni tarjima qildim.
They
saw
this film
last year
– ular o’tgan yili bu filmni ko’rgan
Nick
bought
me a book
last Sunday –
o’tgan shanba kuni Nik menga bir kitob
berdi.
She
came
here
a week ago
– u bu yerga 1 hafta oldin kelgan edi.
Bo’lishsiz shakida
“did” yordamchi fe’liga
“not”
inkor yuklamasi qo’shiladi va
mustaqil fe’llar o’tgan zamon shaklidan hozirgi zamon shakliga qaytadi, ya’ni to’g’ri
fe’llardagi
–ed, -d
qo’shimchalari tushib qoladi, noto’g’ri fe’llar o’tgan zamon
shaklidan hozirgi zamon shakliga qaytadi:
Subject + did + not + Verb1
We
didn’t live
in Tshkent last year
He
didn’t open
the door 2 hours ago
I
didn’t translate
this text yesterday
They
didn’t see
this film last year
Nick
didn’t bring
me any book last Sunday
She
didn’t come
here a week ago.
So’roq shakli
“did” yordamchi fe’lini egadan oldinga chiqarib yasaladi:
Did + Subject + Verb1…?
Did you live in Tashkent last year? - Yes, I did / No, I did not
Did he open the door 2 hours ago? -Yes, he did / No, he did not
Did I translate this text yesterday? - Yes, you did / No, you did not
Did they see this film last year? - Yes, they did / No, they did not
Did Nick bring me any book last Sunday? - Yes, he did / No, he did not
Did she come here a week ago? - Yes, she did / No, she did not.
3)
O’tgan zamonda ketma-ket sodir bo’lgan ish-harakatlar o’tgan noaniq zamon
orqali ifodalanadi:
I had a meal and began to work – men ovqatlandim va ishlashni boshladim.
Yesterday, I went home late. I was very tired so – men kecha uyga kech bordim.
Juda charchagan edim.
I had supper and went to bed – men kechki ovqatni yedim va uxladim.
§ “To be” fe’lining o’tgan zamonda qo’llanishi
O’tgan zamonda “to be” fe’lining 2 ta shakli mavjud:
“was”
va
“were”
The Present Indefinite
Tense
The Past Indefinite Tense
I
am
a student – men
talabaman.
He
is
at home now – hozir
u uyda
They
are
here – ular shu
yerdalar
I
was
a student
last year
–
men o’tgan yili talaba edim.
He
was
at home
yesterday
morning
– kecha ertalab u
uyda edi.
They
were
here
an hour ago
– bir soat oldin ular shu yerda
edilar.
Bo’lishsiz va so’roq shakllari “was” “were” ning o’zi orqali yasaladi.
Bo’lishsiz shaklda
“was” “were” ga “not” inkor yuklamasi qo’shiladi:
I was not a student last year – o’tgan yili men talaba emas edim.
He was not at home yesterday morning – kecha ertalab u uyda emas edi.
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They were not here an hour ago – bir soat oldin ular bu yerda emas edilar.
So’roq shaklda
“was” “were” egadan oldinga chiqadi:
Were you a student last year? - Yes, I was / No, I was not
Was he at home yesterday morning? - Yes, he was / No, he was not
Were they here an hour ago? - Yes, they were / No, they were not
“To have” fe’lining o’tgan zamonda qo’llanishi
O’tgan zamonda “to have” fe’lining hamma shaxslar uchun bir xil “had” shakli
mavjud:
Singular
Plural
I
had
You
had
He / she
had
We
had
You
had
They
had
We had our books yesterday –
kecha kitoblarimiz bor edi.
Bo’lishsiz shakli 2 xil yo’l bilan yasaladi:
a)
“had” fe’liga “not” inkor yuklamasini qo’shib:
Subject + had + not
We
had not
our books yesterday.
b)
“did” yordamchi fe’liga “not” inkor yuklamasini qo’shib:
Subject + did +
not + have
We
did not have
our books yesterday.
So’roq shakli ham 2 xil usul bilan yasaladi:
a)
“had” fe’lini egadan oldinga chiqarib:
Had + Subject + …?
Had
we our books yesterday? - Yes, you have / No, you have not
b)
“did” yordamchi fe’lini egadan oldinga chiqarib:
Did + Subject +
have…?
Did
we
have
our books yesterday? - Yes, you did / No, you did not
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