Aquaculture farmer organizations and cluster management: concepts and experiences



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Bog'liq
2011-FAO

4.1
DEFINITION OF “SUCCESS”
Before identifying factors for or determinants of successful FOs, it is important to 
have an understanding of what “success” actually means. Crowley 
et al.
(2005) define 
successful organizations as those that: 
(i) 
achieve the objectives agreed upon by members;
(ii) 
retain or expand their membership;
(iii) 
progress towards financial and managerial self-reliance and sustainability
inspiring members to maintain their equity stake in the organization; and
(iv) 
improve self-esteem, and the economic and social well-being of members. 
Stockbridge, Dorward and Kydd (2003) argue that even though “expansion” (point 
ii above) is often viewed as an indicator of success, expansion of the membership 
base may also dilute the benefits to existing members and perhaps even threaten the 
sustainability of the FO. However, expansion can also create economies of scale
leading to greater benefits to new and old members. Thus, “expansion”, when used as 
15 
The Regoverning Markets Programme is a collaborative research project on small-scale producers and 
modern agrifood chains run by the International Institute of Environment and Development. Its Web 
site is www.regoverningmarkets.org.


Aquaculture farmer organizations and cluster management – Concepts and experiences
40
an indicator of success, must be treated with care. Similarly, “sustainability” (point iii 
above) is also commonly thought of as being a condition of success; however, this is 
not always the case. Some FOs can survive for a long time without ever achieving very 
much, while others can achieve a lot in a short space of time and then decide to shut 
down, as they have achieved their objectives, for example, to link farmers to markets 
until markets become more developed or farmers are able to act independently. Thus, 
bearing in mind these issues related to expansion and sustainability, an FO that meets 
the four criteria set out above can be seen to be a successful FO. 

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