Aquaculture farmer organizations and cluster management: concepts and experiences



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2011-FAO

Computerized traceability system
The cooperative is obtaining seed from CoC-certified hatcheries, which are from a 
local breeding programme originally based on a Hawaiian source. The importation 
and movement of seed is controlled by DoF through its Movement Document (MD) 
and Fry Movement Document (FMD). These documents are mandatory during 
business transactions, and the cooperative keeps the records and hard copies of these 
documents in their office for members. Farmers are also provided with pond record 
books to record farm-level data. All of this information is entered into a computerized 
traceability system by the cooperative. This is a helpful service for members, as it 
enables them to show credible traceability records to buyers, which is an increasingly 
common requirement.
 
Market access through FOSCOT membership
The cooperative receives certain marketing services from FOSCOT, which acts as 
an agent and aims to contract with processors on behalf of members. Farmers give 
the federation THB 1 per kilogram of shrimp that they are able to sell through the 
federation’s contracts. Through the federation, the cooperative is also able to access the
new THB 600 000 government fund.
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This section is based on interviews with the cooperative president and five cooperative members.

So far, FOSCOT has only made one contract on behalf of the cooperatives, and it seems that this contract 
is only viable with support from the government fund. The federation has been contracted to supply 
shrimp to a large national seafood processing plant, which has agreed to pay the federation a premium 
price for its shrimp in exchange for waiting four months to be paid (as opposed to a maximum of 45 days 
that their usual suppliers are able to wait). Once the shrimp has been delivered, the processing plant gives 
the federation a four-month post-dated cheque, which it takes to Krung Thai Bank (a government-owned 
but commercial bank), which cashes the cheque for the federation at a discounted rate (equivalent of 
6.125 percent per annum). The government then pays the federation the interest that has been discounted 
by the bank from the THB 600 million fund. In this way, the federation and cooperative members are 
able to obtain a premium price for their shrimp, and the processing plant is able to have free credit for 
four months. However, it is unclear how sustainable this arrangement is, due to the fact that it is based 
on an indirect government subsidy.


Aquaculture farmer organizations and cluster management – Concepts and experiences

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