Aquaculture farmer organizations and cluster management: concepts and experiences


Comparison of government price with production costs (as assessed by the Thai Department of Fisheries)



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Comparison of government price with production costs (as assessed by the Thai Department of Fisheries) 
and central Thai market price for 2009 


Aquaculture farmer organizations and cluster management – Concepts and experiences
74
endorsed by the DoF, the Department of Internal Trade and the Ministry of Commerce 
for supporting small-scale shrimp farmers.
The main reason the Samroiyod Cooperative was established was to help small-scale 
shrimp farmers respond to the decreasing international price of shrimp by increasing 
productivity through group-regulated production, provision of financial support and 
enabling farmers to access sustainable output markets offering higher and more stable 
prices. 
Cooperative membership is growing fast and currently stands at 158 members 
(115 men and 43 women). Members come from four districts in Prachuap Khiri 
Khan Province and most members are small-scale farmers with one or two ponds 
(Figure A1.4). The conditions of membership include farm registration with the DoF, 
GAP certification, Thai citizenship, a legal right to the land (e.g. by land title of leasing 
contract), minimum purchase of 200 cooperative shares at THB 10 per share, and an 
administration fee of THB 120. Regardless of how many shares or how many ponds 
a member has, each member is only allowed to access cooperative services for one 
pond. Members also have to agree to follow the cooperative’s regulations, established 
in 2006 by the Executive Committee, in order to increase the productivity and quality 
of shrimp, which is maximized when all group members follow the regulations. The 
regulations, which are similar to better management practices (BMPs) promoted by the 
National Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture (NaCSA) in India and by the Network 
of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific (NACA) elsewhere in the region, include 
maximum stocking densities, and the prohibited use of banned chemicals and certain 
antibiotics, etc.
The cooperative has a president and an Executive Committee of 12 members elected 
by the General Assembly annually on the basis of one member one vote. The Executive 
Committee includes a vice-president, secretary, treasurer, technical specialist, public 
relations manager and a debt collector. The Executive Committee meets on a monthly 
basis and the cooperative has a general meeting at least twice a year. The cooperative 
members vote on the cooperative’s expenditures and borrowing and on other general 
matters such as whether or not to be part of FOSCOT. The cooperative also employs 
six staff members: a manager, an accountant, an administrative assistant, an information 
technology (IT) support person, an extension officer, and a maid. 
The cooperative is made up of 17 subgroups according to location. Each group is headed 
by one of the 12 committee members and a further five group leaders (who also attend the 
monthly Executive Committee meetings). These groups were established at the suggestion 
of the DCP in order to better service the 
needs of the members. The group leaders 
are experts in shrimp farming and advise 
their group members on production and 
good management practices, at the same 
time serving as an internal control system 
to ensure members are following the 
cooperative regulations.
The cooperative earns the majority 
of its income from charging THB 2 
per kilogram of shrimp harvested 
from cooperative farmers based on 
the production going through the 
cooperative’s contract farming marketing 
channels and the shrimp that has been 
produced as a result of cooperative-
provided credit. So far, however, the 
cooperative has not made a profit.
FIGURE A1.4

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