Andijon davlat universiteti ingliz tili fonetikasi kafedrasi til aspektlari amaliyoti

Handout 3. List of Common Abbreviations

abbr. abbreviation(s), abbreviated

Acad. Academy

A.D. anno Domini [in the year of the Lord]

A.M. ante meridiem [before noon]; Artium Magister [Master of Arts]

AM amplitude modulation

Aug. August

Ave. Avenue

B.A. Bachelor of Arts

B.C. Before Christ

b.p. boiling point

B.S. Bachelor of Science

C Celsius (centigrade)

Capt. Captain

cent. century, centuries

cm centimeter(s)

Corp. Corporation

D.C. District of Columbia

Dec. December

dept. department

dist. district

Dr. doctor

et al. et alii [and others]

F Fahrenheit

Feb. February

FM frequency modulation

ft foot, feet

gal. gallon(s)

Gen. General, Genesis

GMT Greenwich mean time

GNP gross national product

GOP Grand Old Party (Republican Party)

Gov. governor

H hour(s)

hr hour(s)

i.e. id est [that is]

inc. incorporated

Jan. January

Jr. Junior

kg kilogram(s)

km kilometer(s)

£ libra [pound], librae [pounds]

lat. latitude

long. longitude

Lt. Lieutenant

Ltd. Limited

m meter(s)

M minute(s)

M.D. Medicinae Doctor [Doctor of Medicine]

mg milligram(s)

min minute(s)

mm millimeter(s)

mph miles per hour

Mr. Mister (always abbreviated)

Mrs. Mistress (always abbreviated)

mt. Mount, Mountain

mts. mountains

Mus. Museum

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NE northeast

no. number

Nov. November

Oct. October

oz ounce(s)

pl. plural

pop. population

pseud. pseudonym

S south

S second(s)

Sept. September

sq square

Sr. Senior

St. Saint; Street

UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund

uninc. unincorporated

Univ. University

U.S. United States

USA United States Army

vol. volume(s)

vs. versus

W west; watt(s)

wt. weight

yd yard(s)

Activity 1. Select the correct abbreviation or acronym to replace the underlined words in each sentence.

1. Mary-Louise was working toward her Bachelor of Arts degree

		a.	BoA
		b.	Bas
		c.	B.A.
		d.	b.a.
	2. When Kim Jones, Esquire, started at the law firm, her name was engraved on the door.
		a.	Eqr.
		b.	Eqe.
		c.	Esq.
		d.	Esr.
	3. His new address was 1 Sycamore Lane.
		a.	Ln.
		b.	Le.
		c.	La.
		d.	ln.
	4. Can we schedule the meeting for Thursday?
		a.	Th.
		b.	Thurs.
		c.	Thur.
		d.	Thy.
	5. School will start again in September.
		a.	Sep.
		b.	Spt.
		c.	Sept.
		d.	Sptr.
	6. Allison's father had a Doctor of Philosophy degree in English.
		a.	Ph.D.
		b.	PHD.
		c.	PhD
		d.	DPh
	7. Kelsey was trying to complete her report as soon as possible.
		a.	A.S.A.P.
		b.	Asap
		c.	ASAP.
		d.	ASAP

Answers

1.	c.	B.A.
2.	c.	Esq.
3.	a.	Ln.
4.	b.	Thurs.
5.	c.	Sept.
6.	a.	Ph.D.
7.	d.	ASAP

Activity 2. Directions: Abbreviate each word given below.

Days of the Week

1. Monday-

2.Tuesday-

3. Wednesday-

4. Thursday-

5. Friday-

6.Saturday-
7. Sunday-

Months of the Year

8. January-

9. February-

10. March-

11. April-

12. August-

13. September-
People

14. Doctor Williams-

15. Mister Smith-

16. Reverend.Johnson-

17. Lightview Street-

18. Marlev Court-

19. Ken Junior-

Answers: 1.Mon. 2. Tues. 3. Wed. 4. Thurs. 5. Fri. 6. Sat. 7. Sun 8. Jan. 9. Feb. 10. Mar.

11. Apr. 12. Aug. 13. Sep. or Sept. 14. Dr. Williams 15. Mr. Smith 16. Rev. or

Revd. Johnson 17. Lightview St. 18. Marlev Ct. 19. Ken Jr.
Activity 3. Find the right answers:

1. What is the abbreviation of GOOGLE?

A. Global Oriented Of Organization Group Language Of Earth

B. Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth

C. Global orient Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth

D. Global orient Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth

2. What is the abbreviation of YAHOO?

A. Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle

B. Yet Another Hierarchical Officious oracular

C. Yet Another Hierarchical officio oracular

D. yahoo Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle

3. What is the abbreviation of WINDOW?

A. Wide Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution

B. World Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution

C. Wide internet Network Development for Office work Solution

D. Wide interact Network Development for Office work Solution

4. What is the abbreviation of COMPUTER?

A. Common Obtained Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research.

B. Common Oriented Machine Particularly Unit and used under Technical and Educational Research.

C. Common Oriented Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research.

D. Common Oriented Machine Particularly Unitary and used under Technical and Educational Research.

5. What is the abbreviation of VIRUS?

A. Vitalise Information Resources Under Siege

B. Vital Information Resources Under Siege

C. Vital Information Resources Undead Siege

D. Vital informational Resources Under Siege

6. What is the abbreviation of ESN?

A. Electronic Serial Number B. Equipment Serial Number

C. Electronic System Number D. Electronic Serial Network

7. What is the abbreviation of SIM?

A. Subscriber Identity Module B. Subscriber Identity Modularity

C. Service Identity Module D. Subscriber Individual Module

8. What is the abbreviation of RAM?

A. Random access memory B. Read access memory

C. Random Axis memory D. Read Axis memory

9. What is the abbreviation of ROM?

A. Random only memory B. Read only memory

C. Read on memory D. Read on memorability

10. What is the abbreviation of USB?

A. Universal Sequent Bus B. Universal sequential Bus

C. Universal successive Bus D. Universal serial Bus

Answers: 1. B; 2. A; 3. A; 4. C; 5. B; 6. A; 7. A; 8. A; 9. B; 10. D;
Activity 4. Abbreviations Quiz

1. The verb abbreviate means to:

a) provide an example b) make shorter c) reduce in quality

2. Which type of abbreviation is BBC?

a) initialism b) contraction c) shortening

3. When an abbreviation is a shortening, the front and/or end of the word is:

a) cut up b) cut off c) cut in

4. The modern approach to punctuating acronyms is to use:

a) no full stop b) one full stop c) two full stops

5. When you cut out part of the inside of a word, you form a:

a) contraction b) acronym c) initialism

6. In contractions of more than one word, missing letters are replaced by:

a) a full stop b) a comma c) an apostrophe
7. Contractions may be used to save space in writing or:

a) ink in printing b) time in speaking c) choice in punctuation

8. Initialisms are usually pronounced as:

a) letters b) contractions c) words

9. An acronym is usually pronounced as:

a) letters b) a word c) a phrase

10. Shortenings like app, zoo and bike are usually spoken in the:

a) original form b) informal form c) initial form

Answers: 1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a; 5. A; 6. c; 7. b; 8. a; 9. b; 10. b.


Lesson 4. Work on vocabulary

Module:	Vocabulary
Topic:	Work on vocabulary
Time: