Andijon davlat chet tillari instituti ingliz tili nazariy aspektlari kafedrasi chet tillarni o

LESSON 29-30 
THE INTERNET AS A RESOURCE FOR LANGUAGE LEARNING/TEACHING. WORKING 
WITH WEB SITES 
Lead in 
Questions and Answers of week 3:
Q1: What is a uniform resource locator (URL)? 
A; This is another name for a web address. It usually starts www. 
Q2: What is the difference between a .org website and a .com website and why is it useful to understand the 
difference?
A .org website is usually the website of a non-profit organisation, a .com is a commercial site. This 
knowledge can help when evaluating websites since you may have to pay for some services on a commercial 
site. 
Q3: Why is it useful to understand how URLs are constructed? 
A: It is useful to know how URLs are constructed so you can use it to help find what you are looking for, 
even if the link no longer works. How to do this is explained in more detail in the What are URLs? section. 
URLs 
Have a look at the URL in the address bar of your browser. It will look something like this: 
http://courses.britishcouncil.org/pub/learningtechnologies/mod/resource/view.php?id=36 
You can see that the address is split into different parts with forward slashes.
Let's have a look at another address, this one for the British Council's English pages on the Internet. 
http://courses.britishcouncil.org/pub/english/index.htm 
This may look more familiar as it includes the familiar www and .htm (or .html) 
This image shows how this web address is formed. 
The protocol bit ensures your computer is talking to the correct part of the Internet. Generally we don't even 
need to remember to type this in, the browser will automatically add it. 
When you enter this address the computer opens a file called index.htm. This file lives in a folder called 
english which itself is on a computer called britishcouncil.org which is on the World Wide 
Web.
It's like looking at a postal address on an envelope, with the different parts helping you, sitting at your 
computer, pinpoint a file on a remote computer.
Why is this important? 
Well, like people who move house and their addresses change, so files sometimes move and old web 
addresses no longer work. 
As an example, try clicking on this link: 
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish.html 
You should see a page which says Page not found.
This is a shame as this used to work and is a good website. 
However, all is not lost. What has actually happened is that the page has just moved location on the remote 
computer where it is stored and has a new address. 
When this happens the pages will often be automatically redirected and you will never notice you are going 
to a new location. In this example, however, we are not redirected. 
What we can do though is try and 'strip back' this web address. Remember that the forward slashes are 
separate parts. If we remove the last part, in this example learningenglish.html we should see a different 
page. Try it now. 
If you've done this correctly you should see http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/ in your address bar and you 
should see the BBC World Service website.
Now try looking for the learningenglish link now (hint: use Control (Ctrl) F and search for "learning" to find 
the link). 

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Click on that and you should be taken to the page we originally wanted: 
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/. 
We can now see the mistake in the address we tried originally - the real address doesn't actually have a .html 
at the end. However, because we were able to 'strip back' the address we still found what we were looking 
for.