Alijonov Habibullo Avazbek o’g’li

Application of the NX program by Siemens PLM Software in the educational process in the preparation of students of engineering direction
Alijonov Habibullo Avazbek o’g’li
NAMTI magisturatura talabasi
E-mail: [e-mail]
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Аннотация. Масофавий таълимни самарали амалга ошириш учун зарур ва етарли шарт-шароитларни асослаш таълимни модернизациялашнинг стратегик устувор йўналишлари, унинг мавжудлик ва узлуксизлигини таъминлаш билан боғлиқ ҳолда амалга оширилади. Масофавий таълим талабаларнинг ижодий фаолиятда тажриба орттириш ва масофавий таълим технологияларидан фойдаланиш асосида ҳаёт давомида қўллаш ва билим олиш учун қобилиятларни ривожлантириш фаолиятини ташкил етишнинг мақсадга мувофиқ жараёни сифатида қаралади. Ахборот технологиялари ва талабалар ва ўқитувчилар ўртасидаги билвосита ўзаро таъсир жараёнида улардан фойдаланиш жамиятда қабул қилинган тегишли қадриятлар ва қоидалар ва хулқ-атвор нормаларини шакллантиришга катта ҳисса қўшиши мумкин.
Мақсади Масофавий таълим - масофавий ўқитишга асосланган таълим бўлиб  унинг сифати ва самарадолигини ошириш бугунги кунинг энг долзарб масаласидир. Ўзбекистон шароитида Олий таълимда масофавий таълим шаклини, етакчи мамлакатлар тажрибасидан андоза олган ҳолда, тадбиқ этиш ва ривожлантириш
Усуллари Талабаларни масофавий таълим жараёнига тўлиқ қамраб олиб, масофавий таълим услубий материаллари, электрон дарсликлар, аудио ва видео дарсликлар, онлайн дарслар (интернет саҳифа) электрон кутубхоналар, тестлар, мультимедиа электрон дарсликларлардан фойдаланган холда ўқув жараёнини ташкил этиш.
Натижалари Ахборот технологиялари ва улардан таълим жараёнида фойдаланиш талабада ижтимоий-маданий, маънавий-ахлоқий қадриятлар шахс, оила, жамият ва давлат манфаатлари йўлида жамиятда қабул қилинган хулқ-атвор қоидалари ва меъёрларини шакллантиришга билвосита ҳисса қўшади. Масофавий таълим технологияларидан фойдаланишда талабада кўникма-ўрганиш қобилияти, янги билимларни мустақил равишда эгаллаш, самарали натижалар беради.
Хулоса Масофавий, электрон ва аралаш таълимни жорий этиш орқали ҳар йили ўқитиладиган талабалар сонини сезиларли даражада оширишга эришиш мумукин.


Калит сўзлар: ОТМ, масофавий таълимн, электрон таълим, талаба, ахборот.

Introduction

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  The products of modern machine-building enterprises are characterized by high complexity and accuracy. In addition, for the production of competitive products, it is necessary to ensure short terms for the design and implementation of both new products and modifications of already produced ones. Such a task cannot be solved without the use of modern software products both for design and technological preparation of production and for engineering analysis, that is, CAD / CAM / CAE systems.
  
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  Such a situation in industry, as well as the need to improve the quality of student education for their demand in the modern labor market, requires appropriate training of graduates of higher educational institutions in areas and specialties related to mechanical engineering.
  
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  Since 2007, the Balakovo Engineering and Technology Institute, a branch of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (BITI NRNU MEPhI), has been training students in the direction of "Design and technological preparation of machine-building industries" (CTOP) and the specialty "Technology of mechanical engineering" (TMS) in the NX computer-aided design system from Siemens PLM Software.
  
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  The NX program, along with the CATIA and Pro / E programs, belongs to the "heavy" computer-aided design systems and is characterized by great functionality, high performance and stability. NX software supports product development and manufacturing at all stages of the product life cycle - from creating three-dimensional models of parts, assemblies and drawings to generating a program for manufacturing a part on a CNC machine and designing shops. In addition, the program uses the Parasolid graphics core (own development), which is the standard for many computer-aided design systems of various levels, which provides the ability to exchange data between these systems and the NX program.
  
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  Siemens PLM Software provides higher education institutions with full-featured free university licenses, which is very important for a budget institution. This largely determined the choice of this program for study at our institute.
  

Main part

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  Students begin studying NX in their third year as part of the course "Integrated Computer Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM Systems)", which is designed for two semesters. In the first semester, during review lectures, students get acquainted with existing computer-aided design systems used in mechanical engineering, from the simplest to full-featured ones. Then the structure, functionality and features of working in the NX program are discussed in detail. In practical classes, the study of the program begins with basic concepts, such as setting up the interface, coordinate systems, working with layers, shading methods, scaling, image viewing.
  
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  An important stage in the study of the program is the work in the "Sketch" section. At this stage, students develop sketches of models, taking into account the dimensions, constraints, and other tools of the section. Further, on the basis of sketches and tools of the "Modeling" section, three-dimensional models are developed - first according to ready-made examples, then according to production drawings.
  
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  3D modeling has huge advantages. Three-dimensional systems allow you to model the product with the subsequent creation of drawings. The model can be studied from any point by changing the scale of the image. In this case, you can find errors in the project, as well as check the product for assembly, which is necessary for subsequent manufacturing. Three-dimensional models are the basis for engineering calculations, analysis of products for functionality, strength, durability, resistance to stress. Based on three-dimensional models, massinertial characteristics, volume and other important physical parameters of parts and assemblies are calculated. Three-dimensional models automatically generate programs for CNC machines.
  
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  Once developed, a three-dimensional model can be reused to create a family of similar objects. It is very important that the visibility in 3D modeling increases students' interest in the design process.
  
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  It should be noted the good methodological support from the developer. The Siemens website provides free access to textbooks on design preparation, technological preparation and engineering analysis. You can also use ready-made blank files, the work with which is described in the textbooks [1], [2], [3].
  
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  On the production practice after the third year, students consolidate their knowledge. Of course, students work at enterprises not only with the NX program, but the development of other programs is faster, as the developers of computer-aided design systems strive to unify the interface. Many students work in the industrial and undergraduate practice in the Catia program, and, in their opinion, learning NX makes it easier to master this program.
  
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  In the second semester of the fourth year, students study the Machining module, in which they compose programs for turning, drilling and milling parts.
  
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  Without computer-aided design systems, it is far from always possible for students to test the developed program on the selected machine, since the institute's machine park is limited. The "Processing" module allows, based on a three-dimensional model of a part, a tool that is selected from the tool database or created by the user, and a certain processing strategy, develop a program for a CNC machine, view the tool path and visualize the processing process. At the same time, errors are identified that can be eliminated already at the design stage. The NX program contains an extensive database of machine models and postprocessors, which allows you to transfer the finished program to the selected machine. If a device for processing parts is developed, then a full-fledged digital processing model is obtained with the possibility of visualization and optimization.
  
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  As part of the discipline "Computer-aided design of technological processes", studied in the second semester of the fourth year, in the module of the NX program "Assembly" students develop fixtures for fixing parts during processing on metal-cutting machines, and in the module "Processing" they develop programs for processing parts on CNC machines complete with fixtures.
  
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  Traditionally, there are two methods of working with assemblies: “bottom-up” and “top-down”. With the bottom-up assembly concept, parts and subassemblies are created as independent components and positioned either based on the position of previously added components or relative to a selected coordinate system. Work concept.
  
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  Conclusions
  
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  The need to introduce modern information technologies into the process of training future engineers is justified by the growing need of modern production for highly qualified personnel with high-quality information training and the ability to work in computer-aided design systems.
  
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  The demand for and competitiveness of graduates of a higher educational institution in engineering areas and specialties is largely determined by the knowledge of modern applied programs for computer-aided design at the stages of design and technological preparation of production.
  
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  The increased interest of modern young people in everything related to computers, with the use of modern information technologies in the educational process, increases the interest of students in studying the relevant disciplines - as a result, the assimilation of educational material and student performance improve. The volume of information that a student can learn in the framework of lectures, practical and laboratory work is sharply increasing.
  
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  When introducing information technologies into the educational process, there are certain difficulties, since it is necessary to reasonably select the appropriate program, contact the developer or seller of the software product, draw up a number of documents, and organize preliminary training for teachers. This is not always a systemic process in universities; often the implementation of programs is based on the enthusiasm of individual teachers and department teams.
  
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  Information technologies allow the student to gain more knowledge, develop intellectual, creative abilities and the ability to independently acquire new knowledge, work with various sources of information, which helps, after graduating from a higher educational institution, to quickly and efficiently integrate into the production process.
  
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  Developers of computer-aided design systems need to consider that students in the future will work in enterprises and possibly in leadership positions. The solution to the issue of choosing a computer-aided design system, of course, will be influenced by the program in which these people worked while studying at the institute. Therefore, it is important to provide preferential treatment for universities both when obtaining a license for a software product, and with further technical and information support for working in the acquired program.
  
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