Acute pancreatitis mirzaliyeva Nilufar Student of Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute

ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Mirzaliyeva Nilufar

Student of Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute

Telephon number: [phone]

Annotation. The number of patients with acute pancreatitis has also increased in recent decades. Almost 70% of people with acute pancreatitis are women. The disease is more common in women aged 50-70 years. When the causes of this disease show their first signs, it is necessary to use new technologies in applied medicine to make a correct diagnosis. Keywords: autolysis, calcifying pancreatitis, UT generators. Introduction. Due to the complex anatomical location of the pancreas, it is not possible to obtain the necessary information with conventional methods of examination. The condition of the pancreas is assessed by changes in the function of the organs involved. Changes in the location of the gland affect the surrounding organs. Possible co-morbidities can be identified by clinical and laboratory-instrumental examination. Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, which can be acute or chronic. Chronic pancreatitis. In this type of disease, the inflammation is chronic, with periods of exacerbation and remission alternating, and the process progresses to a lack of secretory and incretory function of the gland. Chronic pancreatitis is a relatively common disease and is more common in people who are overweight and consume a lot of alcohol. Although chronic pancreatitis is a polyetiological disease, the following two factors play a leading role.

1. Excessive consumption of alcohol and, consequently, the development of primary calcified chronic pancreatitis;

2. Development of secondary obstructive pancreatitis due to cholelithiasis (stones in the gallbladder and its passages).

Chronic pancreatitis is also caused by stenotic papillitis, sometimes duodenitis, and parasites living in the bile ducts. Although the mechanism of disease development under the influence of the two etiological factors mentioned above is slightly different, the process is based on "autolysis", ie the destruction of glandular tissue by its own enzymes. This degradation is caused by the enzymes in the pancreas. In addition to enzymes, lipases in pancreatic juice are also important in the development of the disease. Because they can break down the phospholipid layer of the cell membrane. Alcohol-induced pancreatitis depends on the amount and duration of alcohol consumption. Under the influence of alcohol, a number of changes occur in the composition of pancreatic juice. I. Chronic calcifying pancreatitis. It is the most common form of the disease and is caused by excessive alcohol consumption. Inflammatory processes lead to a decrease in the concentration of lithostatin, which in turn leads to changes in the structure of the pancreatic ducts, thickening of the juice and the formation of protein and calcium-rich plugs. II. Chronic obstructive pancreatitis. It is observed as a result of a marked narrowing of the main tract of the pancreas or its branches. Alcoholism, gallstone disease, injuries, tumors, and congenital malformations play a leading role in the development of this form. With chronic pancreatitis or infiltrative fibrosis accompanied by inflammation. It is usually accompanied by more atrophy and fibrous changes.

Ultrasound examination. UTT waves are generated by sensor piezoelectric elements. Depending on the wavelength and frequency of radiation, pathological lesions in the pancreas are identified. Ultrasound is widely used in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases and allows to determine the following:

- Enlarged pancreas;

- Changes in exoskeleton (swelling, thickening);

- Presence of exogenous products;

- The status of the virus pathway;

The importance of the UTT method in the diagnosis is further enhanced by the fact that the pancreas is deep and the possibility of examining it by other methods is limited. This method is also used to monitor the course of the disease and identify its complications.

X-ray examination. The rate of entry and propagation of X-rays varies as they pass through the human body, various objects and substances. The thicker and heavier the substance, the more light it absorbs. When the speed of light, the power of absorption does not correspond to the established normal laws, it is possible to determine that a pathological process is going on in this area. An X-ray of the abdomen may reveal calcifications in the pancreas. Examination of the gastrointestinal tract using a barium contrast agent can reveal the presence of inflammatory or neoplastic processes in the duodenum and stomach, depending on the changes in the duodenum and stomach:

1) Pancreatic head cancer, cyst and pancreatitis are accompanied by enlargement of the head, contrast X-ray examination reveals displacement, deformation and enlargement of the duodenal ring;

2) When a tumor (cyst) is located in the body or tail of the pancreas, sometimes an enlarged gland causes a large curvature of the stomach or a defect in filling the back wall.

Computed tomography. In patients with obesity and intestinal obstruction, the UTT method provides little information, so computed tomography is advisable. This method also allows the detection of morphological changes in the pancreas, foci of inflammation, tumors, cysts and tumors.

Pancreatic artery angiography. In the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors, it is advisable to perform selective angiography of the arteries that supply it with blood. Using this method, it is possible to detect disturbances and narrowings in the location of vessels. Usually this examination is performed after UTT and CT.

When the first symptoms of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency are detected, early replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes should be initiated until malabsorption develops. Pancreatic insufficiency may be accompanied by a deficiency of all pancreatic enzymes or a decrease in the production of any of them. The following are the main diseases associated with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: chronic pancreatitis; acute pancreatitis; cystic fibrosis; congenital malformation of the pancreas; primary sclerosing cholangitis; pancreatic injuries; pancreatic tumor. Although the incidence of diseases with pancreatic insufficiency varies, the physician must make a correct and timely comparative diagnosis, identify its underlying causes, and treat it in a timely manner.