Ab 215 group Yaxshiboyev Rustam

AB - 215 group Yaxshiboyev Rustam

TASK :

10 - variant

1.How do cab signals and automatic train stop devices help the drivers avoid accidents?

1.)Automatic train stop or ATS is a system on a train that automatically stops a train if certain situations occur (unresponsive train operator, earthquake, disconnected rail, train running over a stop signal, etc.) to prevent accidents. In some scenarios it functions as a type of dead man's switch. Automatic train stop differs from the concept of Automatic Train Control in that ATS usually does not feature an onboard speed control mechanism.

2.What is the best way to measure daily passenger volume at railway station?

2.)I did it for Wielkopolska region lately and I summed all the passengers getting on and getting off the train at all railway stations in municipalities during a day (I had good data from all regional and agglomeration trains); taking into account also population we had this way a good indicator of the attractiveness of railway for local communities. If you want to access passenger volume you should in my opinion the average is ok, in general majority of passengers get on and get off at the same railway station in the same day.

3.Has researcher used polypropylene granules as partial replacement of coarse aggregates in asphalt railway subballast?

3.)Poly propelen can not be used in the modified of asphalt.

Poly propelen give a bad Result

when we use it as modified material.

4.Which type of maintanace is better for railway stracture like ballast, rail ,...?

4.)Rail should definitely be replaced or maintained long before cracks are too long/deep. Preventive maintenance is key.Money is the key factor. Based on your rail network system, operation policy nad ... you need to choose the strategy which is the most cost-effective one.

Emergency, preventive, condition monitoring, predictive, ... or combination of them are choosing to be based on the cash flow of the system.

5.Is there any special code or criteria about design and safety in long railway tunnels or base tunnels?

5.)In the event of fire, the integrity of the tunnel lining shall be maintained for a period of time that is

sufficiently long to permit self-rescue, evacuation of passengers and staff and intervention of the emer-

gency response services. That period of time shall be in accordance with the evacuation scenarios

considered and reported in the emergency plan.

In the cases of immersed tunnels and tunnels which can cause the collapse of important

neighbouring structures, the main structure of the tunnel shall withstand the temperature of the fire for

a period of time that is sufficient to allow evacuation of the endangered tunnel zones and neighbouring

structures. This period of time shall be reported in the emergency plan.

The escape routes shall always lead to safe areas. Safe areas are:

– tunnels and shafts to the exterior

– parallel tunnel tubes, service and rescue tunnels

– emergency stop areas

– areas outside the tunnel on the exterior and

– parts of the tunnel tube which are protected from smoke fumes

The tunnel portals and the escape tunnels shall generally be accessible to rescue vehicles via access

roads. There shall be access roads on either side of the tracks with enough room for vehicles to manoeuvre.