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  Technology options and standards for supply 

chain management 

 Some of the data transfer options and standards which enable e‑SCM were introduced in 

 Chapter   3   .  These  include: 

   

● 

  EDI which is an established and relatively simple method of exchanging orders, delivery 

notes and invoices.  

  

● 

   XML‑   or  XML‑  EDI‑  based data transfer enables more sophisticated one‑to‑many data 

transfers such as a request for orders being transmitted to potential suppliers.  

  

● 

  Middleware or soft ware used to integrate or translate requests from external systems in 

real time so they are understood by internal systems and follow‑up events will be triggered.  

  

● 

  Manual email orders or online purchase through a traditional  web‑  based e‑commerce 

store  for  B2B.   

 These mechanisms enable data to be transferred to suppliers from clients using enterprise 

resource planning (ERP) systems which include material requirements planning modules 

which are used to model future demand for products, create a bill of materials of the relevant 

components needed to manufacture the products and then order them.