A01 chaf6542 06 se fm indd

     1 

   Storage/physical.  Memory and disk hardware components (equivalent to Level IV in 

 Figure   3.3   ).  

   2 

   Processing.  Computation and logic provided by the processor (processing occurs at 

Levels I and II).  

   3 

   Infrastructure.  This refers to the human and external interfaces and also the network, 

referred to as ‘extrastructure’. (This is Level III, although the human or external inter-

faces are not shown there.)  

   4 

   Application/content.  This is the data processed by the application into information. 

(This is Level V.)  

    5 

   Intelligence.  Additional  computer-  based logic that transforms information to knowl-

edge  (Level  I).   

 Each of these elements of infrastructure presents separate management issues which we will 

consider  separately.  

  A short introduction to Internet technology 

 As you will know, the Internet enables communication between millions of connected com-

puters worldwide, but how does the seamless transfer of data happen? Requests for informa-

tion are transmitted from client computers and mobile devices whose users request services 

from server computers that hold information and host business applications that deliver the 

services in response to requests. Thus, the Internet is a  large-  scale