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Technology platform. A common software system (CMS) will reduce costs of purchase, 

update and training. Integration with common software for customer relationship man-

agement (Chapter 9) and evaluation and measurement systems (see later in this chapter) 

will also be most efficient.

  2 

System architecture. A consistent architecture will avoid ‘reinventing the wheel’ in each 

country and will enable staff, partners and customers who need to access the CMS in dif-

ferent countries to be immediately familiar with it. Standards include:

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Common page layout and navigation through templates.

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Common directory structures and consistent URL structure.

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Programming standard and languages and version control systems.