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A Reference Materials Presentation
Where do I find that?
Dictionary
Thesaurus
Almanac
Created by Sug`diyona Buzrukova
Dictionary
A book that lists the definition of words in alphabetical order
Elementary School
Dictionary
How are dictionaries set up?
They are in alphabetical order.
There are two guide words at the top of each page that let’s you know what words will be on that page.
What if my word isn’t in the dictionary?
- Did you spell it correctly?
- Are you on the right page?
- Are you looking up a difficult word in a dictionary for younger students?
- Encyclopedic – thing-books dealing with concepts (objects and phenomena, their origin and development, etc.)
- e.g. influenza – causes, symptoms, treatments and remedies, etc.
Types of English Dictionaries - Linguistic – word-books dealing with vocabulary units (semantic structure, usage, etc.)
- e.g. influenza – spelling, pronunciation, grammar characteristics, derivatives, synonyms, etc.
Types of Linguistic Dictionaries General Dictionaries - present a wide range of data about the vocabulary items in ordinary use
- Webster’s New International Dictionary, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Current English
Explanatory (Unilingual) Dictionary - spelling and pronunciation
- grammatical characteristics (part of speech, (in)transitivity, irregular forms)
- meanings (extended definitions or synonyms)
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Explanatory (Unilingual) Dictionary - spelling and pronunciation
- grammatical characteristics (part of speech, (in)transitivity, irregular forms)
- meanings (extended definitions or synonyms)
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Explanatory (Unilingual) Dictionary - illustrative examples (citations from literary sources, sentences invented by compilers)
- derivatives (grouped in one entry or in separate)
- phraseology, etymology, synonyms and antonyms
Translation (Bilingual) Dictionary - contain vocabulary items in one language and their equivalents in another language
- main problem – to ensure adequate translation
Special Dictionaries - cover only a specific part of the vocabulary (synonyms, antonyms, phraseology, neologisms, terms, etc.)
- provide information limited to one particular aspect (collocability, word-frequency, etymology, pronunciation, etc.)
Thesaurus
A book that lists synonyms and antonyms for words
Elementary Thesaurus
Dictionaries of Synonyms
What can I find in a Thesaurus?
You can find synonyms and antonyms of different words.
How is a Thesaurus set up?
They are set up in alphabetical order.
What if my word isn’t in the thesaurus?
- Did you spell it correctly?
- Are you on the right page?
- Are you looking up a difficult word in a thesaurus for younger students?
Phraseological Dictionaries - The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs
- Book of English Idioms (V.H. Collins)
- An Anglo-Russian Phraseological Dictionary (A.V. Koonin)
Ideological Dictionary - words are arranged not alphabetically
- words are grouped according to their semantic fields
- designed for English-speaking writes, translators
- Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases (P.M. Roget)
An up close look at a dictionary ENTRY…
liberate lifelong
guide words
(lye-brer-ee) noun
- A place where books, magazines, newspaper, tapes and videos are kept for reading or borrowing.
li-brar-y
We have a great reference section in our library.
entry
pronunciation
sample sentence/phrase
Part of speech
The numbers show the many definitions a word may have.
noun, plural libraries, noun, librarian
illustration
Almanac
A yearly book that lists the important events and facts from that year.
Indiana Almanac
What is an Almanac?
- Almanacs have been around since there was writing!
- People would write almanacs so that people knew what was going to happen during the year – kind of like a calendar book.
- When almanacs first started, they were full of jokes, stories, predictions, important dates, and weather predictions.
- They were written for the current year, so they made predictions.
- Today, most almanacs are factual and are written after the current year.
- You can buy the 2013 Almanac now, but you can’t buy the 2014 almanac now because 2014 isn’t over yet.
How many types of almanacs are there?
There are general almanacs that cover all topics, but there are also almanacs that cover specific topics.
Example: Sports Almanac, Nutrition Almanac, Almanacs dedicated to a specific city or audience, etc.
Encyclopedia
A set of books that gives information on topics listed alphabetically.
A
A
Encyclopedia
B
B
Encyclopedia
C
C
Encyclopedia
What can I find in an encyclopedia?
Encyclopedias will have alphabetical information on almost any topic you can think of!
Want to learn about Space? You can look that up in the “S” encyclopedia.
How is an encyclopedia set up?
They are set up in alphabetical order.
If you want to learn about Frogs, you would look in the F book.
*Note: You look up a person by the first letter of their LAST name.
What if my topic isn’t in the encyclopedia?
- Did you spell it correctly?
- Are you on the right page?
- You might need to change your word to a synonym of your original word.
Atlas
A book of maps
Atlas of
Colorado
What can I find in an atlas?
You can find maps of many different places!
Example: The world, a continent, a country, a state, a city, a town, a neighborhood
What if my place isn’t in my atlas?
- Did you spell it correctly?
- Are you looking on the right page?
- Are you looking in the right Atlas? (Are you looking for a country in an Atlas that has states in it?)
With a Dictionary, you can learn:
-How to spell a word
-What a word means
-How to say a word
-What part of speech a word is
-How many syllables are in a word
-Whether or not to capitalize a word
-How to abbreviate a word (ex= USA)
-Meanings of prefixes and suffixes for a word
Activity - Choose a word to look up in the dictionary. Write that word and dictionary entry on a piece of white paper. Label the parts of the entry.
Thank you for listening!
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