MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
Math. Meth. Appl. Sci.
2008;
31
:1383–1386
Published online 13 December 2007 in Wiley InterScience
(www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/mma.976
MOS subject classification: 35 B 33; 35 K 55
A note on extinction for fast diffusive
p
-Laplacian
with sources
Wenjun Liu
1
,
2
,
∗
,
†
and Bin Wu
1
1
College of Mathematics and Physics
,
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
,
Nanjing 210044
,
China
2
Department of Mathematics
,
Southeast University
,
Nanjing 210096
,
China
Communicated by Y. Shibata
SUMMARY
In this note we illuminate that the small condition on initial data
u
0
in Theorem 4.1 of Yin and Jin
(
Math. Meth. Appl. Sci.
2007;
30
(10):1147–1167) can be removed for the case
p
−
1
<
q
<
1. Precise decay
estimates of solution are also obtained. Copyright
q
2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
KEY WORDS
:
extinction; fast diffusive equation; decay estimate;
p
-Laplacian
Consider a bounded domain
with smooth boundary in
R
N
, and study the solution
u
(
x
,
t
)
of the
following equation for 1
<
p
<
2
,
q
>
0
,
>
0:
u
t
−
div
(
|∇
u
|
p
−
2
∇
u
)
=
u
q
,
x
∈
,
t
>
0
(1)
with the initial and boundary value conditions
u
(
x
,
t
)
=
0
,
x
∈
*
,
t
>
0
(2)
u
(
x
,
0
)
=
u
0
(
x
)
0
,
x
∈
(3)
∗
Correspondence to: Wenjun Liu, College of Mathematics and Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
†
E-mail: lwjboy@126.com
Contract
/
grant sponsor: Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province Education Department; contract
/
grant
number: 07KJD510133
Contract
/
grant sponsor: Science Research Foundation of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
Copyright
q
2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Received 4 April 2007
1384
W. LIU AND B. WU
We refer to
[
1
]
for the motivation and references concerning the study of problem (1)–(3). In
particular, the authors have the following critical extinction exponent result:
Theorem 1
(
Theorem 4.1 in Yin and Jin
[
1
]
)
Assume that 0
u
0
(
x
)
∈
L
∞
(
)
∩
W
1
,
p
0
(
)
. If
q
>
p
−
1, then any bounded and non-negative weak
solution of problem (1)–(3) vanishes in finite time for appropriately small initial data
u
0
. In addition,
if
q
=
p
−
1 with
<
1
then the weak solution vanishes in the sense of
·
L
2
(
)
as
t
→∞
, and in
particular, if 2
N
/(
N
+
2
)
p
<
2 or 1
<
p
<
2
N
/(
N
+
2
)
with
<
1
(
p
(
N
−
2
)
+
1
)/(
N
−
1
)
p
, then
u
vanishes in finite time too.
In this short note, we are interested in the case of
p
−
1
<
q
<
1. We show the following theorem,
which not only remove the small condition on initial data
u
0
in Theorem 1, but also establish the
precise decay estimates of solution.
Theorem 2
Assume that 0
u
0
(
x
)
∈
L
∞
(
)
∩
W
1
,
p
0
(
)
. If
p
−
1
<
q
<
1 and
satisfies (6), then the non-negative
weak solution of problem (1)–(3) vanishes in finite time for any initial data
u
0
, and
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩
u
(
·
,
t
)
ps
+
2
ps
+
2
B
e
−
t
,
t
∈[
0
,
T
0
)
u
(
·
,
t
)
ps
+
2
u
(
·
,
T
0
)
2
−
p
ps
+
2
−
C
2
(
2
−
p
)
ps
+
2
t
1
/(
2
−
p
)
,
t
∈[
T
0
,
T
1
)
u
(
·
,
t
)
ps
+
2
≡
0
,
t
∈[
T
1
,
+∞
)
for some
T
0
, where
s
0 satisfy
(
ps
+
2
)/(
s
+
1
)
N p
/(
N
−
p
)
, and
T
1
,
C
2
be given by (8), (6),
respectively.
To obtain the above results, we will use the following lemma, which is of crucial importance
in the proof.
Lemma 1
Let 0
<
k
<
p
1, and
y
(
t
)
0 be a solution of the differential inequality
d
y
d
t
+
C y
k
y
p
(
t
0
),
y
(
0
)
=
y
0
>
0
(4)
where
C
>
0
,
is a positive constant such that
C y
k
−
p
0
/
2. Then there exist
>
0,
B
>
0, such that
0
y
(
t
)
B
e
−
t
,
t
0
Proof
Since
y
(
t
)
≡
0 is a subsolution of (4), we only need to choose
,
B
properly such that
y
(
t
)
=
B
e
−
t
is a supersolution of (4). In fact, we first choose
B
=
y
0
. Then, to satisfy
−
B
e
−
t
+
C B
k
e
−
kt
B
p
e
−
pt
∀
t
0
that is
C
e
(
p
−
k
)
t
B
p
−
k
+
B
1
−
k
e
−
(
1
−
p
)
t
Copyright
q
2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Math. Meth. Appl. Sci.
2008;
31
:1383–1386
DOI: 10.1002/mma
EXTINCTION FOR FAST DIFFUSIVE
p
-LAPLACIAN
1385
we only demand that
e
(
p
−
k
)
t
C
B
p
−
k
+
C
B
1
−
k
∀
t
0
since
p
1. For this purpose, we need
C
y
p
−
k
0
+
C
y
1
−
k
0
1
that is
y
k
−
p
0
(
C
−
y
1
−
k
0
)
Therefore, we only need to choose
=
C y
k
−
1
0
/
2.
Proof of Theorem 2
Multiplying (1) by
u
ps
+
1
, by the embedding theorem and H¨older inequality, we can easily obtain
(see (26) in
[
1
]
or (2.5) in
[
2
]
)
d
y
d
t
+
C
1
(
ps
+
1
)(
ps
+
2
)
(
s
+
1
)
p
y
(
ps
+
p
)/(
ps
+
2
)
(
ps
+
2
)
|
|
(
1
−
q
)/(
ps
+
2
)
y
(
ps
+
q
+
1
)/(
ps
+
2
)
(5)
where we denote
y
(
t
)
=
u
(
·
,
t
)
ps
+
2
ps
+
2
and
C
1
is the embedding constant. By Lemma 1, there exist
>
0
,
B
>
0, such that
0
y
(
t
)
B
e
−
t
,
t
0
provided that
C
1
(
ps
+
1
)
2
(
s
+
1
)
p
|
|
−
(
1
−
q
)/(
ps
+
2
)
u
0
p
−
q
−
1
ps
+
2
(6)
Furthermore, there exist
T
0
, such that
C
1
(
ps
+
1
)(
ps
+
2
)
(
s
+
1
)
p
−
(
ps
+
2
)
|
|
(
1
−
q
)/(
ps
+
2
)
y
(
q
+
1
−
p
)/(
ps
+
2
)
C
1
(
ps
+
1
)(
ps
+
2
)
(
s
+
1
)
p
−
(
ps
+
2
)
|
|
(
1
−
q
)/(
ps
+
2
)
(
B
e
−
T
0
)
(
q
+
1
−
p
)/(
ps
+
2
)
:=
C
2
>
0
(7)
holds for
t
∈[
T
0
,
+∞
)
. Therefore, when
t
∈[
T
0
,
+∞
)
, (5) turns to
d
y
d
t
+
C
2
y
(
ps
+
p
)/(
ps
+
2
)
0
(8)
Using a simple analysis, we obtain
⎧
⎪
⎨
⎪
⎩
y
(
t
)
y
(
0
)
(
2
−
p
)/(
ps
+
2
)
−
C
2
(
2
−
p
)
ps
+
2
t
(
ps
+
2
)/(
2
−
p
)
,
t
∈[
T
0
,
T
1
)
y
(
t
)
≡
0
,
t
∈[
T
1
,
+∞
)
Copyright
q
2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Math. Meth. Appl. Sci.
2008;
31
:1383–1386
DOI: 10.1002/mma
1386
W. LIU AND B. WU
where
T
1
=
ps
+
2
C
2
(
2
−
p
)
u
(
·
,
T
0
)
2
−
p
ps
+
2
(9)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to express sincere gratitude to Professor Mingxin Wang for his enthusiastic guidance
and constant encouragement. Thanks are also due to the anonymous referee for his
/
her constructive
suggestions.
REFERENCES
1. Yin J, Jin C. Critical extinction and blow-up exponents for fast diffusive
p
-Laplacian with sources.
Mathematical
Methods in the Applied Sciences
2007;
30
(10):1147–1167. DOI: 10.1002
/
mma.833.
2. Liu WJ. Periodic solutions of evolution m-Laplacian equations with a nonlinear convection term.
International
Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
2007; 10. DOI: 10.1155
/
2007
/
27368.
Copyright
q
2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Math. Meth. Appl. Sci.
2008;
31
:1383–1386
DOI: 10.1002/mma
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