English Story and Quotes Kanali uchun(@inglizenglish
8 августа, 2020
Modal Verbs
|
Nomozov Boysoat
Page
3
Bir modal fe’llar vaziyatga qarab bir nechta ma’no
berishi mumkin shunga qarab uchga bo’lib ko’rib
chiqamiz
1.
Single Concept Modals
( bir ma’noli modallar) – Ular faqat
bitta ma’no anglatadi
2.
Double Concept Modals
(ikki ma’noli modallar) – Ularda
ikkita ma’nosi bo’ladi
3.
Modal in past
(o’tgan zamondagi modallar) – Ular o’tmishdagi vaziyatlar uchun ishlatiladi.
Single Concept Modals
Double Concept Modals
Modal in past
Will
Might
Should
Ought to
Had better
May
Must
Would
Shall
Could
Can
Would have
Could have
Might have
Should have
May have
Must have
English Story and Quotes Kanali uchun(@inglizenglish
8 августа, 2020
Modal Verbs
|
Nomozov Boysoat
Page
4
Single Concept Modals
Modal
Concept
Example
Will
Future
(kelasi zamon
uchun)
Joe will travel to NY next week
- Jo kelasi hafta Nyu-York
shahriga jo'naydi
Kelasi zamonda bajaradigan ishlarni aytish uchun will
ishlatamiz
Might
Small probability
Tahmin uchun)
I might move to Canada someday - Bir kun kelib Kanadaga
ko'chib ketishim mumkin
Might hozir va kelasi zamondagi tahmini ifodalsh uchun
ishlatiladi
Should
Recommendation
(maslahat uchun)
You should go to the doctor – Siz do’ktorga borishingiz
kerak
Should maslahat berishda ishlatiladi biror ishni qilishing
kerak shu ishni qilsang yaxshi bo’ladi yoki shu ishni bajarish
to’g’ri degan ma’noda
Ought to
Recommendation
(maslahat uchun)
He ought to help his friend – U do’stlariga yordam berishi
kerak
Maslahat berish ma’nosida should bilan ought toni bir xil
ishlatamiz
Had better
Warning
(ogohlantirish)
I had better study or I will fail the test – Men o’qiganim
maqul aks holda testdan yiqilaman
Had better maslahat berishda ishlatiladi va agarda sen bu
ishni qilmasang, oxiri muommo bo’ladi, had better
ogolantirishga ma’nosini beradi.
English Story and Quotes Kanali uchun(@inglizenglish
8 августа, 2020
Modal Verbs
|
Nomozov Boysoat
Page
5
Double Concept Modals
Modal
Concept
Example
Shall(1)
Offer
(tarbiyali taklif)
Excuse me, I shall go now Shall I clean it? - Kechirasiz,
men hozir boraman Uni tozalab tashlaymi?
Shall(2)
Contractual
obligation
( Shartnoma
majburiyati)
The company shall pay on January 1
st
- Kompaniya 1
yanvar kuni to'lovni amalga oshiradi
Could(1)
Unreal Ability
(Haqiqiy bo'lmagan
qobiliyat)
I could go if I had time – agarda vaqtim bo’lsa, borardim
Noreal qobilyatlarni ifodalaydi va asosan if gaplarda
keladi. Ba’zan odam bilmasadan aytib yuboradigan noreal
gaplar uchun ham ishlatiladi masalan: Juda ochman. Bitta
otni yeb yuboraman. Aslida bu noreal bitta otni yeyish
imkonsiz
Could(2)
Past ability
(O’tmishdagi
qobilyati)
She could play the piano – U pianino chalaolardi
O’tmishda biror ishni bajara olganizni bajarish qobilayti
borligini bildiradi
Can(1)
Present Ability
(hozirgi zamondagi
qobilyat)
We can speak English – Biz inglizcha gaplasha olamiz.
Hozirgi va kelasi zamonda biror ish-harakatni qila olish
qobilyatini bildiradi.
Can(2)
Permission
(ruhsat )
Can I have a candy? – Konfetni ko’rsam maylimi?
May(1)
Permission(ruhsat)
May I come in – Kirsam mayli?
May(2)
Good probability
(yaxshi tahmin)
We may visit Mexico this summer - Bu yozda Meksikaga
tashrif buyurishimiz mumkin
Sodir bo’lishi mumkin bo’lgan tahmini ifodalaydi.
Must (1)
Responsibility
(majburiyat, zarurat)
Everyone must pay taxes – hamma soliqlarni to’lashi kerak
Must modal fe’li zarurat, buyruq yoki qattiq maslahatni
ifodalaydi. Must kerak deb tarjima qilinadi va hozirgi va
kelasi zamon uchun ishlatiladi
Must (2)
Assumption
( ishonchli tahmin)
She didn’t arrive. She must be sick – U kelmadi. Kasal
bo’lsa kerak.
Must gapiruvchi to’g’ri deb o’ylagan tahmin uchun ham
ishlatiladi
Would (1)
Past(used to)
O’tmishdagi odatlar
When I was young, I would play soccer – Yoshligimda,
futbol o’ynardim
O’tmishda bajargan hozir esa bajarmay qo’ygan
odatlarimiz uchun ishlatamiz.
Would(2)
Present Unreal
(Hozirgi zamondagi
noreal harakatlar
uchun)
I would buy the car but I can’t afford it – Mashina sotib
olardim biroq qurbim yetmaydi.
Asosan if gaplarda noreal ish-harakatni bildirib keladi
hozirgi va kelasi zamon uchun ishlatiladi
English Story and Quotes Kanali uchun(@inglizenglish
8 августа, 2020
Modal Verbs
|
Nomozov Boysoat
Page
6
Modals in Past
Modal Perfect
Uses
Example
Must have P.P
O’tmishdagi kuchli tahmin
uchun
Peter has arrived late. He must have been in a traffic
jam –Peter kech keldi. U trbandlikda qolgan bo’lsa
kerak
O’tgan zamondagi garpiruvchi ishongan tahmin uchun
must have + P.P ishlatamiz
Might/may have
P.P
O’tmishdagi ishonchsiz tahmin
uchun
Joe may / might have taken the wrong train. –Joe
noto’g’ri poyezdga mingan bo’lshi mumkin
O’tgan zamondagi garpiruvchi unchalik kuchli
ishonmagan tahmin uchun may/might have + P.P
ishlatamiz
Could have P.P
O’tmishda bajarish imkoni
bo’lgan, lekin bajarilmagan
qobilyatlar uchun
You could have played better – U yaxshiroq o’ynar
olardi (lekin yaxshi o’ynamadi)
Biz o’tgan zamonda biror narsa qilishimiz mumkin edi
yoki qilish qobilyatimiz bo’lgan lekin biz qilmagan
ishimizni aytishda ishlatamiz
Couldn’t have P.P
O’tmishda bajarish imkoni
bo’lmagan qobilyatlar uchun
He couldn’t have passed because you hadn’t studied
enough – U imtixondan o’taolmasdi sababi u
yetarlicha o’qimadi.
Biz o’tgan zamonda biror narsa qilmaymiz agar
qilishni xoxlaganmizda ham qilolmasdik sababi
qilishga imkonyatimiz bo’lmaydi.
Would have P.P
O’tmishda nimanidur bajarishni
juda xoxlash ammo bazi
sabablarga ko’ra bajarish
imkonyati yo’q vaziyatlar uchun
I would have visited you, but I forgot your address –
Men sizdika tashrif buyar edim ammo manzilingizni
unutdim.
Should/ought to
have + P.P
O’tmishdagi nima uchundir
achinish
You should / ought to have warned me earlier -
Meni ertaroq ogohlantirishingiz kerak edi
Biz should have P.P ni o’tgan zamonda siz nimadir
qilmadingiz, ammo qilganingizda yaxshi bo’lardi
degan ma’noda ishlatamiz.
Shouldn’t have
P.P
Sodir bo’lishi kerak bo’lmagan
narsaga uchun tanqid
He shouldn’t have told them – U ularni aytmasligi
kerak edi
Biz shouln’t have P.P ni o’tgan zamonda siz nimadir
qildingiz, ammo shuni qilishingiz yaxshi emas edi,
o’sha narsani qilmaligingiz kerak edi ma’nosida
ishlatiladi.
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