26 letters but the letters like Y

The употребляется, когда из ситуации ясно, какой конкретно предмет или лицо мы имеем в виду:

 - Oh! Your house is so nice. Where is the living-room?

- Turn off the music, please.(= музыка, которая сейчас включена) I went to the airport by car so as not to be late. (= аэропорт этого города)

the postman - the one who comes to us.

Has the postman come yet? He told me that he would give a letter to me

the car – my / your / his…etc. car

Do you remember where you parked the car? (your car)

the newspaper – the one we read

Have we received the newspaper for this week yet?

• 
  Перед прилаг-ми в превосходной степени (the first, the second …) и перед only
  

This is the only way to go.

She was the only surviving person in the water.

Let’s consider the second proposal.

Where is the deepest point in the Pacific?

I was surprised the first time I met her.

Bob is the first person to come here.

NOTE: перед наречиями в превосходной степени и перед only в значении “только, просто” артикль не ставится.

John came first.(здесь это наречие т.к описывает глагол)

Bob finished the test second.

This club is for the members of ICC only.

She is only joking.

Janet did worst on the last test

LESSON 14

a little/ a few и little/few


a little / little (прилаг)+ неисчисляемое сущест

a little salt / little salt

a little / little + money/ time/ honey/ water/ paint ……


a few / few (прилаг) перед сущ во мн чис


a few people / few people

a few / few books/ shops/ cities/ years/ mistakes/ times/ countries/ seeds/ jobs……

все 4 формы могут использоваться как местоимения с или без предлога OF:

Sugar? – A little, please. (A little sugar)

^{местоим}

Only a few of these are any good.

^{местоим}

I have read a few of her books.

Much many few little
Much и little употребляются с неисчисляемыми существительными:

 much time much luck little energy little money

 Many и few употребляются с исчисляемыми существительными:

many friends many people few cars few countries

В. a little / a few (прилаг. И местоим)

a little / a few –мало но достаточно (положительное значение)

She speaks a little French. (немного но знает франц)

She knows a few words. (она знает несколько слов.)

little / few (прилаг и местоим)

little и few – мало совсем недостаточно (негативное значение)

There was little time for consultation. (этого времени недостаточно нужно больше)

Little is known about the side effects of this drug.

 - Ask Tom to take a car. We've got little time. (= немного, недостаточно времени) He's not friendly. He has few friends. (=немного, недостаточно друзей

A little и a few показывают более позитивное отношение к небольшому количеству или числу: - Let's go and see the town. We've got a little time before the train leaves. (=немного времени, но достаточно чтобы посмотреть город)

`Have you got any salt?' `Yes, a little. Do you want me to give you some?'(a little = not much but enough for you to borrow some)

I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often. (a few friends = not many but enough to have a good time)

When did he phone you last?' `A few days ago.' (= some days ago)

Перед Little и few можно использовать so, very, too, extremely, relatively тогда few и littleне будут так ограничены

I’m unwilling to try a drug I know so little about.

They have too many technicians, we have too few.

В разговорной речи вместо little и few можно использовать hardly any или глагол в отрицании+ much/ many:

We saw little. = We saw hardly anything / We didn’t see much.

(B) A lot (of) lots (of) plenty (of)

A lot of / lots of / plenty of употребляются с неисчисляемыми существительными и существительными во множественном числе:

 a lot of milk lots of time plenty of money 2a lot of students lots of shops plenty of idea

 Plenty часто используется в значении 'более чем достаточно':

 - `Have some more coffee.' `No, thank you. I've had plenty.'

- There's no need to worry. We've got plenty of money

(D) Some иногда употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными во множественном числе.

Some = a number of / a few of (когда мы не знаем точно, сколько именно):

 - Some pupils don't like to go to school.(а не Pupils don't like to go to school)

- Some films are not worth seeing.

или, когда мы хотим сказать