“DEVELOPMENT ISSUES OF INNOVATIVE ECONOMY IN THE
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR”
International scientific-practical conference on March 25-26, 2021.
Web:
http://conference.sbtsue.uz/uz
started in the 1750s, and carbon dioxide rose from 280 ppm to 394 ppm. According to the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, an increase in average temperatures has occurred as a result
of the impact of human activities on the atmosphere (WWF, 2021).
Water is vital for living creatures to live. It sustains all biological life and all human activities,
from the smallest living organism to the largest living creature. Although 70% of the world is covered
with water, only approximately 0.3% of the water resources on earth are usable and potable.
Table-1 shows the distribution of world water resources.
Table- 1: World Water Resources Distribution
Location
Volume (km3 )
(%)
Atmosphere
13 000
0.001
Lakes and Streams
225 000
0.020
Ground-water
8 062 000
0.580
Polar Glaciers
27 820000
2.010
Seas and Oceans
1 348 000 000
97.390
Total
1 384 120 000
100.000
Source: Erdem and Şener, 2021: 4.
According to Table-1, there is 1.4 billion km3 of water in the earth. 97.4% of this is salty and
2.6% consists of fresh water. According to a report announced by the United Nations, World Water
Commission; Groundwater, lakes and streams, which are developable water resources; with its
consumption, pollution and waste increasing day by day, it poses a great danger to humanity. Considering
the estimates that the world population will reach 8 billion in 2025, it is predicted that water use will
increase by 40% and water need will increase by 20%. The amount of renewable fresh water per capita in
the world is 8000 m3/year. Countries with a per capita amount of water less than 1000 m3 per year are
classified as water poor, countries with less than 2000 m3 water scarcity and countries with more than
8000-10000 m3 water rich. Accordingly, the world's water-rich countries are listed as Canada, Brazil,
Norway, Sweden, Russia, Georgia, Indonesia and New Zealand.
Due to its vital importance on the basis of countries, projections are made at both macro and
sectoral level for the use of water in almost all countries. In the Water Allocation Plans made in this
context, the agriculture sector is one of the sectors that is given the most importance. Turkey particular in
the agricultural sector with 73% share of the water sector uses the most (Erdem and Şener, 2021: 6
-9).
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