2-mavzu. Phonological theories. Plan: Periods of the formation of the phonological theory

Idiolectal embraces the individual peculiarities of articulating sounds, which are caused by the shape and form of the speaker’s speech organs and by his art habits. Diaphonicvariation affects the quality and quantity of particular phonemes. It is caused by concrete historical tendencies active in certain localities. Allophonic variation, which conditioned by phonetic position and phonemic environment. In connected speech sounds undergo various modifications under the influence of neighbouring sounds and the intonation patterns they occur in. EV are modified in unstressed syllables. The weakening of art and shortening of the duration of unstressed vowels results in modification of their quality and quantity. This phonetic phenomenon Is called reduction. The process of adapting the art of a vowels to a consonants, or a consonants to a vowels, is known as accommodation(depends on position in the intonation group).When a consonant is a component of a consonant cluster, it is partially or completely assimilated by the neighbouring sound. A consonant may be voiced or devoiced, it may lose its plosion, or the plosion may become restricted, there may even occur coalescent assimilation which results in a new phoneme. All English phonemes in various pronouncing conditions undergo assimilation.Main problems of phonological analysis: 1. The identification of the phonemic inventory for each individual L; 2. The identification of the phonemic inventory of phonologically relevant features of a L; 3. The interrelationships among the phonemes oh a language.