VOCABULARY
academic adj
– 1. университетский; академический; учебный; 2. чисто тео-
ретический; 3. фундаментальный (в противоположность прикладному)
be employed
– быть занятым, работать, служить
benefit n
– выигрыш, выгода
~s n – льготы
fringe
~/perks – дополнительные льготы
consume v
– потреблять, расходовать
consumer n
– потребитель
consumtion n
– потребление
distribute v
– распределять
distribution n
– распределение
engage (in) v
– амер. заниматься
entrepreneur n
– бизнесмен, делец, предприниматель
entrepreneurial adj
– предпринимательский
flair n –
талант, склонность, способность
forecast n
– предсказание, прогнозирование
job setting n
– рабочее место/окружение
liable adj
– ответственный (for – за)
monitor v
– контролировать
operate one’s own business
- управлять своим бизнесом
provide v
– 1. снабжать (with); 2. обеспечивать (for);
~
services
– предоставлять услуги
~ed – при условии, что
qualify v
–1. квалифицировать (ся); 2. готовить к деятельности, обучать,
приобретать квалификацию; 3. определять.
salary n
– жалованье, оклад
self-employed adj
– обслуживающий свое собственное предприятие; ра-
ботающий не по найму
specialize in
– специализироваться в
tycoon n
– магнат
wage (pl) n
– заработная плата
work for
– работать (в компании)
Supply and demand
Supply and demand is a model of microeconomics. It describes how a
price is formed in a market economy. There are two determining factors on such
a market, the number of things made available, called supply, and the number of
things consumers want, called demand. Supply and demand shows how
producers and consumers interact with each other. This relationship will fix the
price for a certain type of good. In perfect competition, the quantity demanded
(demand) and the quantity supplied will be equal. This happens at the
equilibrium market price.
For normal goods, and a normal market, there are four basic laws that determine
the change in the market, if either supply or demand changes:
If the demand increases, and the supply remains the same, there will be a
shortage, and the price will increase.
If the demand decreases, and the supply remains the same, there will be a
surplus, and the price will go down.
If the supply increases, and the demand remains the same, there will be a
surplus, and the price will go down.
If the supply decreases, and the demand remains the same, there will be a
shortage, and the price will increase.
When there is more supply, this will cause prices to fall because people will
not want to pay more for items that can be found easily. When there is more
demand, prices will go up because many people want to buy the same item but
there is not enough supply for it.
When demands for new goods and services go up, new markets come into
being. The greater the demand, the faster this happens. This greater number of
providers makes the supply go up, which forces the price down toward the cost
of production and distribution.
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