1Comparative Typology as a branch of general linguistics

Intonation is a complex phenomenon which is characterized by stress, melody, and pauses. The main component is melody. It may be: - falling, rising, even (smooth ровный). The main unit of intonation is sintagm which is characterized by a certain melody. Sintagms with falling tones are characteristic of statements in both lang-s. (he came , он пришел).Sintagms with rising tone are for unfinished sentences, special questions in eng., In rus in sentences beginning with (разве). Even tone is used in both lang-s in introductory sentences which follow direct speech. (I will return soon, said he quietly). In Eng, stress and intonation are very important when stress may change one part of speech into another. (‘convict – con’vict). In Rus. stress changes the meaning of a word and grammatical categories.
Intonation is a complex phenomena, which includes melody, different types of stress, pauses. The unit of intonation is syntagm, a term which was introduced by Щерба 1938. The mail components of intonation are melody and stress. Melody is defined by the movement of tone. The tone may be falling, rising or even or smooth.

1. 
   Syntagms with a falling tone occur in Russian and English in completed statements, exclamatory sentences, interrogative sentences beginning with an interrogative word.
   
2. 
   Syntagms with a falling tone and rising tale occur in Russian and English in unfinished sentences , in subordinate sentences followed by a principle clause.
   
3. 
   Syntagms with a falling tone and even or smooth tale form introductory sentences, which follow direct speech.
   
4. 
   Syntagms with a rising tone and rising tale are typical of the Russian language and seldom occur in English, in Russian they occur in interrogative sentences beginning with the word – разве.
   
5. 
   Syntagms with even or smooth tone are used in repeated interrogative replies in both languages, when a person shows irritation, indignation.
   

10. Syllabic structures in Eng and Rus.