1. The Subject matter of Text linguistics

An interphrase connection is "the connection between sentences, STS, paragraphs, chapters and other parts of the text, organizing its semantic and structural unity" [45. C.9]. The semantic connection between sentences in the text is provided by appropriate lexical and grammatical means. Most often sentences in the text are connected by a chain or parallel connection.
"With a parallel connection, sentences do not link with each other, but are compared, while due to the parallelism of constructions, depending on the lexical" content ", it is possible to compare or contrast" [65. P.132].
Each type of communication is implemented using the appropriate language tools. So, to connect parts of the text, groups of sentences, conjunctions, particles, introductory words, interrogative sentences, etc. are used.
To implement a chain connection between individual sentences in the SCS, syntactic repetitions, synonyms, pronouns, words with temporal and spatial meanings, etc. are used. To implement a parallel connection, it is appropriate to use such a tool as the parallelism of constructing sentences, which is expressed in the use of verbs with a single temporal plan, the same word order, anaphoric elements, etc.
Thus, the text has a certain structure in which individual sentences and parts of the text are interconnected.
Any text has an appropriate compositional design, which helps to optimally reveal its content and meaning, indicated, as a rule, in the title (heading) of the text; genre design and the corresponding stylistic coloring, expressed by appropriate linguistic means.
The literature describes the following text categories inherent in the text: informativeness, integrity, coherence, completeness, presupposition, integration.
The category of informativity is associated with the information side of the statement [22. P.38]. I.R. Galperin distinguishes the following types of information contained in the text: content-factual, content-conceptual, content-subtext. "Content-factual information contains a message about facts, events, processes that are taking place, that will take place in the world around us, real or imaginary ... Content-conceptual information informs the reader of the individual author's understanding of the relationship between phenomena described by means of meaningful factual information, understanding their causal relationships, their significance in the social, economic, political, cultural life of the people... Such information is extracted from the entire work... Content-conceptual information is the author's intention plus its meaningful interpretation'' [22 pp. 27-28].
Adequate understanding of the text, according to scientists, is provided by presupposition. This is a special text category, a situational background that provides perception and understanding of the text, "revealing connections between statements and based on certain assumptions of the semantics of words, phrases and sentences included in the text" [42. p.86].
It should be noted that the text conveys a certain sequence of facts that unfold in time and space according to special rules depending on the content and types of the text. In this regard, in the process of creating and comprehending the text, such textual categories as retrospection (elements that ensure the reader's return to the facts, events, and assessments stated earlier) and prospection (elements that provide the perspective of the statement) are realized. These categories provide comprehension of already known information, allow to outline the perspective of the process of text perception.
The most important textual categories are connectedness and wholeness (integrity).
Most scientists note that all communicative elements of the text must be interconnected. In addition, in each text, formal, external connections between separate parts of the text are found, can be observed and described. "These are special types of communication that provide ... a logical sequence, the interdependence of individual messages, facts, actions, etc.'' [22. p.74].
Connectivity is based on the idea of ​​repeatability. V.A. Lukin distinguishes the following types of connectivity in the text: 1) connectivity at the level of one-dimensional units and forms of signs; 2) connectedness of sign elements of the text; 3) lexical coherence; 4) semantic-syntactic coherence; 5) grammatical coherence [48. S.24-37].
O.I. Moskalskaya believes that the basis of connectivity is "communicative continuity" [53. p. actual segmentation) sentences are divided into two parts: relatively well-known - it is called the topic, or data - and new - it is called the rheme, or new. The topic repeats part of the information from the previous sentence, and this repetition acts as a link. The rheme contains a new information that develops, enriches the meaning of the statement, moves the thought forward.
It should be noted that connection from the point of view of psycholinguistics is a phenomenon of a syntagmatic nature [64. S.123]. Researchers often note two types of connection: intraconnectivity, internal, semantic, and extraconnectivity, external (which covers the substantial side of the text, primarily sound or letter). The text always reveals both types of connectivity, relatively independent of each other [23. P.136].

Along with the category of coherence, the text is characterized by internal semantic relationships between its parts, meaningful, formal and communicative integrity, which makes it possible to provide a semantic connection between parts of the text, prepare for the perception of subsequent information, strengthen "text memory", return the addressee to the previous one, remind him of said.

According to V.A. Lukin, the integrity of the text is "such a property that unites the text with other complex systems, regardless of their nature" [48, p.41].

Note that from the position of the sender of the text, integrity is concretized in the concept of a plan (motive, intention) that exists before the finished text and then finds its expression in it, always undergoing certain changes. The text from this point of view is intended to realize the intention.

At the same time, the semantic integrity of the text is manifested in the unity of the theme, which is called the semantic core of the text. The bearers of the theme are SFU (STS) and free offers. STS reveals one topic, in subsequent STS this topic is developed, or a transition is made to a new topic. Thus, there is a movement of the text from the known, given to the new.

The integrity of the text is achieved with the help of such means as person, tense, mood of the verb, models and types of sentences for the goal setting of the statement, syntactic parallelism, word order, ellipsis. The regular repetition of key words, the identity of the reference (correlation of these words with the same object of reality - the referent), situational connections - all this ensures the unity of the theme of the text. The integrity of the text makes it possible to most adequately express "communicative actions, an act of a person that makes sense" [32, p.60].

It should be noted that integrity is a psycholinguistic phenomenon, the essential characteristics of which were noticed by L.S. Vygotsky when describing "thought": "A thought is always something whole, much larger in extent and volume than a single word ... The process of transition from thought to speech is an extremely complex process of dismembering a thought and recreating it in words" [ eighteen. S.356].

An indispensable condition for integrity is situationality, which distinguishes the text from any other meaningful unit of the language. By themselves, as some abstract units of a morpheme, a word, a phrase, a sentence are devoid of situationality and acquire it only in the text, borrow from it. Therefore, taking into account these observations, it can be noted that integrity (due to situationality) is a meaningful category, since it is focused on the content of the text, on the meaning that it acquires in accordance with the situation.

The categories of connectivity and integrity are closely related to the categories of integration and completeness. The category of integration combines parts of the text in order to achieve its integrity. Integration unites the text not linearly, but vertically, providing causal relationships between its parts, selecting those that are most significant for conveying the conceptual position of the author of the text [22. P.130].
The result of integration is realized in the category of completeness, which directly correlates with the title of the text.
All categories of the text are united by one general purpose - to realize the communicative intention of the author of the text or to decode this intention in the process of speech activity.
Many other textual categories are distinguished in the literature: perceptibility, intertextuality, intentionality, accessibility, grammatical correctness, emotiveness, modality, etc.
It is also impossible to ignore such a universal property of the text as interpretability, which found reflection in the works of V.A. Lukin [48], V.Z. Demyankov [28], L.N. Murzin [54]. Note that the literary text belongs to the most interpreted texts.