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Concretization. Some groups of lexical units require concretization in translation. This is due to the difference in the proportion between abstract and desemantized words on the one hand and concrete words on the other in the S and T languages.
Conference interpretation - simultaneous interpreting of a speaker's statements at a conference, symposium or any other large meeting.
Consecutive interpretation - one of three modes of interpreting (along with simultaneous and sight interpretation), in which a speaker pauses every few sentences to allow the interpreter to interpret what has just been said.
Court/Legal interpretation - interpreting at legal proceedings, which is performed by a court interpreter who has special subject matter knowledge.
Cultural adaptation - adjusting translation to the cultural environment of the target language to make it suitable for the target audience.
Emotive meaning unlike referential meaning has no direct reference to things or phenomena of objective reality but to the feelings and emotions of the speaker. Therefore emotive meaning bears reference to things, phenomena or ideas through the speaker’s evaluation of them. Emotive meaning is inherent in a definite group of words even when they are taken out of the context.
Equivalence is the reproduction of a SL text by TL means. Equivalence is not a constant but a variable quantity and the range of variability is considerable. The degree of equivalence depends on the linguistic means used in the SL texts and on the functional style to which the text belongs.
Free translation - is one that provides the general meaning of the original, but it might be far from the exact wording of the original. It provides a great freedom in translating, the most extreme form of it, and should be avoided by translators unless there is a specific reason for free translation.
Freelancer - a self-employed translator or interpreter who works independently directly with the clients and might as well do projects for translation agencies.