· 2 Cultivation of classical plants

Theme:
science of changing the reproductive properties of plants in order for plants to produce the desired properties. t has been used to improve the quality of food in products for humans and animals. The purpose of plant selection is to produce crop varieties with unique and high characteristics in different agricultural areas. properties related to quality indicators and ease of processing, such as biotic and abiotic stress resistance, grain or biomass yield, taste or concentration of specific biological molecules (proteins, sugars, lipids, vitamins, fiber) most common(harvesting, milling, baking, malting, mixing, etc.). Plant propagation can be accomplished in a variety of ways, from selecting plants with the characteristics needed for reproduction to using knowledge of genetics and chromosomes, to complex molecular techniques (see cultigen and varietal). the genes in a plant determine what qualitative or quantitative properties it has. Plant breeders strive to create plant-specific results and potentially new plant varieties.
it is used by gardeners and plant breeders around the world working in plant organizations, government agencies, universities, plant-specific industry associations or research centers.
international development agencies believe that food security is important to ensure the growth of new crops by creating new varieties that are productive, disease-resistant, drought-resistant, or regionally adapted to different environmental and growing conditions.
1 History
· 2 Cultivation of classical plants
o 2.1 Before World War II
o 2.2 After World War II
· 3 Cultivation of modern plants
o 3.1 Marker assisted in the selection
o 3.2 Reverse breeding and doubling haploids (DH)
o 3.3 Genetic modification
· 4 Problems and Concerns
· 5 The role of plant cultivation in organic agriculture
· 6 Breeding and food safety
o 6.1 Allow
o 6.2 Nutritional value
o 6.3 Factors affecting the environment
· 7 Propagation of plants by participation
· List of 8 Famous Plant Breeders
· 9 See also
· 10 References
o 10.1 General
· 11 External links
History
Main article: History of plant reproduction
The propagation of plants began with sedentary agriculture, and especially with the conversion of the first to home farming, the practice is estimated to have lasted from 9,000 to 11,000 years. Early farmers simply selected food plants that had the desired characteristics and engaged in similar work for generations to come, resulting in valuable items being accumulated over time.
welding technology was used in China until 2000 BC.
By 500 BC, welding was well established and practiced.
Gregor Mendel (1822–84) is considered the “father” of genetics. His experiments with plants led to the formation of the laws of inheritance. .
The cultivation of modern plants is applied genetics, but its scientific basis is broader: molecular biology, cytology, systematics, physiology, pathology, entomology, chemical statistics (biometrics). He also developed his own technology.
cultivation of classical plants
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See on the transition to viticulture and the role of plant cultivation.

selective propagation has expanded the desired properties of the wild cabbage plant (Brassica oleracea) for hundreds of years, resulting in the cultivation of dozens of agricultural crops today. Cabbage, kale, broccoli and cauliflower are all varieties of this plant.

One of the main methods of plant propagation is selection, the selective propagation of plants with the desired characteristics and the elimination or elimination of less desirable features. another method is deliberate mixing (crossing) to produce new crop varieties or cultivars that are closely related to each other or have the desired characteristics. The traits / genes that are crossbred to introduce plants to a new genetic background from a variety or line. for example, a mildew-resistant pea can be crossed with a high-yielding but sensitive pea, the purpose of the cross is to resist mildew without losing its high-yielding properties. then the offspring from the cross are crossed with the high-yielding parent to ensure that the offspring resembles the high-yielding parent (go back). then the offspring obtained from the same cross are tested for yield (selection, as mentioned above) and further development of plants resistant to mildew and high yields. Varieties for congenital breeding can also cross with themselves to form plants. Pollinators can be removed using dust bags

Classical breeding is mainly due to genetic diversity between chromosomes to form homologous recombination. The classic plant breeder can also use a number of techniques such as in vitro protoplast fusion, embryo rescue or mutagenesis (see below) to create diversity and the nature of the production of non-existent hybrid plants.